Chinyengo 1

Mayeso a kuthamanga kwa madzi ayenera kuchitidwa m'nyengo yozizira kwambiri panthawi yomanga.
Zotsatira zake: Chitolirocho chinazizira ndipo chinawonongeka chifukwa cha kuzizira kwachangu kwa chitoliro cha hydrostatic test.
Miyeso: Yesani kuyesa kuthamanga kwa madzi musanagwiritse ntchito nthawi yozizira ndipo muzimitse madzi mukamaliza kuyesa, makamaka madzi omwe ali mumtsuko.valavu, yomwe iyenera kutsukidwa apo ayi ingachite dzimbiri kapena, choipa kwambiri, ming'alu. Pochita mayeso a hydraulic nthawi yachisanu, polojekitiyi iyenera kusunga kutentha kwabwino mkati ndikutulutsa madzi pambuyo pa mayeso a kuthamanga.

Chinyengo 2

Dongosolo la mapaipi liyenera kutsukidwa, koma izi si nkhani yaikulu chifukwa kuyenda ndi liwiro sizikukwaniritsa miyezo. Ngakhale kutsukidwa kumalowedwa m'malo ndi kutulutsa madzi kuti ayesere mphamvu ya hydraulic. Zotsatira zake: Chifukwa chakuti ubwino wa madzi sukugwirizana ndi miyezo yogwirira ntchito ya dongosolo la mapaipi, magawo a mapaipi nthawi zambiri amachepetsedwa kukula kapena kutsekeka. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ambiri omwe angadutse mu dongosolo kapena osachepera 3 m/s ya madzi kuti mutsukidwe. Kuti malo otulutsira madzi aganiziridwe, mtundu wa madzi ndi kuyera kwake ziyenera kufanana ndi madzi olowera.

Taboo 3

Popanda kuyesa madzi otsekedwa, zimbudzi, madzi amvula, ndi mapaipi a condensate zimabisika. Zotsatira zake: Zingayambitse kutaya madzi ndi kutayika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Njira: Kuyesa madzi otsekedwa kuyenera kufufuzidwa ndikuvomerezedwa motsatira malangizo. Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zomwe zili pansi pa nthaka, mkati mwa denga, pakati pa mapaipi, ndi malo ena obisika—kuphatikizapo omwe amanyamula zimbudzi, madzi amvula, ndi condensate—sizingathe kutuluka madzi.

Taboo 4

Kusinthasintha kwa mphamvu ya hydraulic ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi kokha ndi komwe kumawonedwa panthawi yoyesa mphamvu ya hydraulic ndi kulimba kwa makina a mapaipi; kuwunika kutayikira sikukwanira. Kutayikira komwe kumachitika makina a mapaipi akagwiritsidwa ntchito kumasokoneza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Miyeso: Pamene makina a mapaipi ayesedwa motsatira malangizo a kapangidwe ndi malangizo omangira, ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsimikizira bwino ngati pali kutayikira kulikonse kuwonjezera pa kulemba kutayikira kapena kusintha kwa madzi mkati mwa nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa.
Chinyengo 5

Ma flange wamba a valve amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndimavavu a gulugufeKukula kwavalavu ya gulugufeFlange imasiyana ndi ya flange ya valavu yokhazikika chifukwa cha izi. Flange zina zimakhala ndi mainchesi ang'onoang'ono mkati pomwe diski ya valavu ya gulugufe ili ndi yayikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu isagwire bwino ntchito kapena kutseguka mwamphamvu ndikuwononga. Muyeso: Gwirani flange molingana ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa flange ya valavu ya gulugufe.

Taboo 6

Pamene nyumbayo inali kumangidwa, panalibe magawo oikidwa omwe anasungidwa, kapena magawo oikidwawo sanasankhidwe ndipo mabowo osungidwawo anali ang'onoang'ono kwambiri. Zotsatira zake: Kudula matabwa a nyumbayo kapena kudula zitsulo zomangika kudzakhudza momwe nyumbayo imagwirira ntchito bwino panthawi yokhazikitsa mapulojekiti otenthetsera ndi ukhondo. Njira: Phunzirani mapulani omangira nyumbayo mosamala, ndikutenga nawo mbali mwachangu pakupanga nyumbayo mwa kusunga mabowo ndi zinthu zomangika ngati pakufunika kuyika mapaipi, zothandizira, ndi zopachika. Chonde onani makamaka zomwe zalembedwa pa zomangamangazo ndi zomwe zalembedwa pa kapangidwe kake.

Taboo 7

Chitoliro chikalumikizidwa, malo olumikizirana amakhala osagwirizana, palibe mpata wotsala pamalo olumikizirana, mpata sunalumikizidwe pa chitoliro chokhala ndi makoma okhuthala, ndipo m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa cholumikizirana sizikugwirizana ndi zomwe zapangidwa. Zotsatira zake: Chifukwa chitoliro sichili pakati, njira yolumikizirana idzakhala yofooka ndipo idzawoneka ngati yaukadaulo. Pamene m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa cholumikizirana sikukwaniritsa zomwe zafotokozedwa, palibe mpata pakati pa zofanana, chitoliro chokhala ndi makoma okhuthala sichimalumikiza mpata, ndipo cholumikizirana sichingakwaniritse zofunikira zamphamvu.
Miyeso: Ikani mapaipi okhala ndi makoma olimba, siyani mipata pamalo olumikizirana, ndipo konzani mapaipiwo kuti akhale pakati pa malo olumikizirana akangolumikizidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa msoko wa cholumikizira ziyenera kulumikizidwa motsatira malangizo.

Chinyengo 8

Paipiyo imakwiriridwa mwachindunji pamwamba pa nthaka yozizira komanso yopanda madzi, ndipo ngakhale njerwa zouma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zipilala zothandizira paipiyo zimayikidwanso m'malo osayenera. Zotsatira zake: Chifukwa cha chithandizo chosakhazikika, payipiyo inawonongeka panthawi yomwe nthaka inali kutsekedwa, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale kukonzedwanso ndi kukonzedwanso. Njira: Dothi losasunthika losasambitsidwa ndi dothi lozizira si malo oyenera okwirira mapaipi. Kutalikirana pakati pa makoma kuyenera kutsatira malangizo omangira. Kuti pakhale kukwanira komanso kukhazikika, matope a simenti ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makoma a njerwa.

Taboo 9

Chida chothandizira mapaipi chimakhazikika pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo okulitsa, koma zinthu za mabotolowo ndi zochepa, mabowo awo ndi akulu kwambiri, kapena amaikidwa pa makoma a njerwa kapena ngakhale makoma opepuka. Zotsatira zake: Chidacho chimapotoka kapena kugwa, ndipo chida chothandizira mapaipicho ndi chofooka. Mabotolo okulitsa ayenera kusankha zinthu zodalirika, ndipo zitsanzo zingafunike kuyesedwa kuti ziwunikidwe. M'mimba mwake mwa dzenje lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika mabotolo okulitsa sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 2 mm kuposa m'mimba mwake wakunja wa mabotolo okulitsa. Pa nyumba za konkriti, mabotolo okulitsa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Taboo 10

Maboti olumikizira ndi afupi kwambiri kapena ali ndi mainchesi ochepa, ndipo ma flange ndi ma gasket omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikizana ndi mapaipi ndi olimba mokwanira. Pa mapaipi otenthetsera, ma rabara amagwiritsidwa ntchito, pa mapaipi amadzi ozizira, ma padi awiri kapena ma padi opendekera, ndipo ma flange pads amatuluka pa chitoliro. Zotsatira zake: Kutayikira kumachitika chifukwa cholumikizana kwa flange kukhala kotayirira kapena kuwonongeka. Gasket ya flange imatuluka mu chitoliro, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuyenda kwa madzi kukhale kovuta. Muyeso: Ma flange ndi ma gasket a paipi ayenera kutsatira zomwe zafotokozedwa mu kapangidwe ka mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya paipi. Pa ma gasket a flange pa mapaipi otenthetsera ndi madzi otentha, ma gasket a rabara a asbestos ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; pa ma gasket a flange pa mapaipi operekera madzi ndi madzi otayira, ma gasket a rabala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Palibe gawo la gasket ya flange lomwe lingapitirire mu chitoliro, ndipo bwalo lake lakunja liyenera kukhudza dzenje la bolt la flange. Pakati pa flange sipayenera kukhala ma bevel pads kapena ma pads angapo. Bolodi yolumikiza flange iyenera kukhala ndi mainchesi ochepera 2 mm kuposa dzenje la flange, ndipo kutalika kwa nati yotuluka pa ndodo ya bolodi kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi theka la makulidwe a natiyo.