Taboo 11

Valavu imayikidwa molakwika. Mwachitsanzo, valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi kapenacheck valveMadzi (kapena nthunzi) amayendera njira yosiyana ndi chizindikiro, ndipo tsinde la valve limakwezedwa pansi. Vavu yowunika imayikidwa molunjika osati mopingasa. Kutali ndi chitseko choyendera, chonde.

Zotsatira zake: Vavu imasokonekera, chosinthira chimakhala chovuta kukonza, ndipo tsinde la valve nthawi zambiri limaloza pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azituluka.
Njira: Tsatirani malangizo oyika ma valve ku chilembocho. Siyani kutalika kotsegulira kokwanira kuti tsinde liwonjezekema valve pachipatandi tsinde lokwera. Ganizirani mokwanira za kutembenuka kwa chogwiriracho mukamagwiritsa ntchito mavavu agulugufe. Zoyambira za mavavu osiyanasiyana zisakhazikike pansi kuposa zopingasa kapena pansi. Kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi chitseko choyendera chomwe chingathe kutsegulira ndi kutseka ma valve, ma valve obisika ayeneranso kukhala ndi tsinde la valve moyang'anizana ndi chitseko choyendera.

Taboo 12

Ma valve omwe adayikidwa' zitsanzo ndi mafotokozedwe satsatira ndondomeko ya mapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, chitoliro choyamwa pampu yamoto chimagwiritsa ntchito valavu ya gulugufe pamene m'mimba mwake ndi yochepa kuposa kapena yofanana ndi 50mm, ndipo chowuma ndi choyimitsa cha kutentha kwa madzi otentha chimagwiritsa ntchito valve yoyimitsa pamene kuthamanga kwadzidzidzi kwa valavu kuli kochepa kuposa kuyesa dongosolo. kupanikizika.

Zotsatira: kusintha momwe valavu imatsegulira ndi kutseka, komanso momwe kukana, kupanikizika, ndi ntchito zina zimasinthidwira. Choyipa kwambiri, zidapangitsa kuti valavu iwonongeke ndipo ikufunika kukonzedwa pomwe dongosololi likugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Miyezo: Dziwani kuchuluka kwa ntchito za mavavu osiyanasiyana, ndipo sankhani ma valavu ndi mtundu wake potengera zosowa zamapangidwewo. Kuthamanga mwadzina kwa vavu kuyenera kukhutiritsa zoyeserera za mayeso a dongosolo. Malinga ndi mulingo womanga, valavu yoyimitsa iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro chanthambi choperekera madzi ndi chocheperako kapena chofanana ndi 50mm; pamene ili pamwamba kuposa 50mm, valve yachipata iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mavavu agulugufe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamwa pampu yamoto, ndipo mavavu a pachipata ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsa madzi otentha ma valve owuma ndi oyima.

Taboo 13

Valavu isanakhazikitsidwe, kuyang'anitsitsa khalidwe lofunika sikuchitika malinga ndi malamulo.

Zotsatira zake: Kutuluka kwamadzi (kapena nthunzi) kumachitika panthawi yogwira ntchito chifukwa chosinthira valavu chimakhala chosinthika ndipo kutsekedwa sikovuta, kumafuna kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso komanso kukhudza madzi (kapena nthunzi) nthawi zonse.

Miyezo: Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwamphamvu ndi zolimba ziyenera kumalizidwa musanayike valavu. 10% ya gulu lililonse (mtundu womwewo, mawonekedwe omwewo, mtundu womwewo) uyenera kusankhidwa mwachisawawa kuti ayesedwe, koma osachepera imodzi. Mayesero a mphamvu ndi zolimba ayenera kuchitidwa kamodzi pa nthawi pa valve iliyonse yotsekedwa yomwe imayikidwa pa chitoliro chachikulu kuti chidulidwe. "Code for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Water Supply, Drainage and Heating Engineering" (GB 50242-2002) iyenera kutsatiridwa chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwa mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa valve.

Taboo 14

Zambiri mwazinthu, makina, ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangazi zilibe ziphaso zoyenereza zamalonda kapena zolemba zaukadaulo zomwe zimafunidwa ndi boma kapena unduna kuti ukwaniritse zomwe zilipo.

Zotsatira zake: Kusakwanira kwa ntchitoyo, ngozi zobisika, kulephera kumalizidwa pa nthawi yake, ndi kufunikira kokonzanso, zonse zimathandizira kuti ntchito yomanga ikhale yotalikirapo komanso kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi zinthu zina.

Miyezo: Zinthu zoyambira, zida, ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi, ngalande, zotenthetsera ndi ukhondo ziyenera kukhala ndi zikalata zowunikira zaukadaulo kapena ziphaso zoperekedwa ndi boma kapena unduna womwe umakwaniritsa zomwe zilipo; mayina awo mankhwala, zitsanzo, specifications, ndi milingo dziko khalidwe ayenera chizindikiro. Dzina lachikhodhi, tsiku lopangira, dzina la wopanga ndi malo, satifiketi yoyendera, kapena dzina lachidziwitso cha chinthu chomwe chinali kufakitale.

Taboo 15

Mavavu Flip

Zotsatira: Directionality ndi mbali ya ma valve ambiri, kuphatikizapo ma check valves, ma throttle valves, ma valve ochepetsera kuthamanga, ndi ma valve oima. Mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito ndi moyo wa valve throttle idzakhudzidwa ngati atayikidwa mozondoka; ikhoza kukhala yakupha.

Miyezo: Pali chizindikiritso pa thupi la mavavu a mavavu ambiri; ngati palibe chiwongolero, valavu iyenera kuzindikiridwa molondola malinga ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Madzi amadzimadzi amayenera kudutsa pa doko la valve kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba kuti kutsegulira kukhale kopulumutsa ntchito (chifukwa kuthamanga kwapakati kumakwera) ndipo sing'angayo siimakakamiza kulongedza pambuyo pa kutseka, komwe kuli koyenera kukonza. Mphuno ya valve ya valve yoyimitsa ndi yosakanikirana kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. Vavu yapadziko lonse lapansi siyingatembenuzidwe chifukwa cha izi.

Kuyika valavu yachipata mozondoka, ndi gudumu lamanja pansi, kumapangitsa kuti sing'angayo ikhale m'dera la bonati kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe sizingawononge dzimbiri la valavu komanso motsutsana ndi malamulo a njira zina. Kuti m'malo kulongedza nthawi yomweyo ndizovuta kwambiri. Tsinde la valavu lowonekera lidzawonongeka chifukwa cha chinyezi ngati valavu yachipata chokwera itayikidwa pansi. Onetsetsani kuti diskiyo ili yowongoka poika valavu yowunikira kuti ikwezedwe mosavuta. Onetsetsani kuti shaft ya pini ndi yopingasa pamene mukukweza valavu yoyang'ana swing kuti itsegulidwe momasuka. Paipi yopingasa, valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika iyenera kukhazikitsidwa molunjika; sichiyenera kutsatiridwa mwanjira iliyonse.

Taboo 16

Kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa ma valve pamanja, mphamvu zambiri

Zotsatira zake: kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku kuwonongeka kwa ma valve kupita ku zochitika zoopsa

Miyezo: Mphamvu ya malo osindikizira ndi mphamvu yotseka yofunikira imaganiziridwa popanga valavu yamanja, komanso gudumu lamanja kapena chogwirira chake, ntchito ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Chotsatira chake, sichingasunthidwe ndi wrench yaitali kapena lever. Anthu ena amazoloŵera kugwiritsa ntchito wrench, ndipo ayenera kusamala kwambiri kuti asagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zambiri chifukwa kuchita zimenezi kukhoza kuvulaza malo osindikizira mosavuta kapena kupangitsa wrench kuthyoka gudumu ndi chogwirira. Mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula ndi kutseka valavu iyenera kukhala yosasinthasintha komanso popanda kusokoneza.

Zigawo zina za valve zothamanga kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza kutseguka ndi kutseka zaganiziranso mfundo yakuti mphamvuyi singakhale yofanana ndi ma valve okhazikika. Musanatsegule, valavu ya nthunzi iyenera kutenthedwa, ndipo madzi osungunuka ayenera kukhetsedwa. Pofuna kupewa nyundo yamadzi, iyenera kutsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono momwe mungathere. Gudumu lamanja liyenera kuzunguliridwa mozondoka pang'ono valavu itatsegulidwa mokwanira kuti imangirire ulusi ndikuletsa kumasula ndi kuwonongeka.

Pa ma valve okwera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira komwe tsinde limakhala lotseguka komanso lotsekedwa mokwanira kuti musagunde pakati pakufa. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizosavuta kudziwa ngati ili yofanana ikatsekedwa kwathunthu. Malo a tsinde la valavu adzasuntha pamene atsekedwa kwathunthu ngati tsinde la valve lathyoka kapena ngati pali zinthu zofunika zomwe zili pakati pa chisindikizo chapakati cha valve. Vavu imatha kutsegulidwa pang'ono kulola kuthamanga kwa sing'angayo kutsuka dothi lolemera la payipi musanatseke pang'onopang'ono (musatseke mwadzidzidzi kapena mwamphamvu kuti mupewe zotsalira zotsalira zomwe zimatsina pamalo osindikizira). Yambitsaninso, chitani izi kangapo, sukani dothi, ndiyeno mugwiritseni ntchito mwachizolowezi.

Mukatseka ma valve otseguka, zinyalala zilizonse pamalo osindikizira ziyenera kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe tatchulayi valavu isanatsekedwe. Pofuna kupewa kuwononga masikweya a tsinde la valve, kukhala ndi valavu kulephera kutseguka ndi kutseka, ndikuyambitsa ngozi zokhudzana ndi kupanga, chogwirira chamanja ndi chogwirira chiyenera kukhala ndi zida mwamsanga ngati zasweka kapena kutayika. Wrench yosinthika sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake. Vavu ikatsekedwa, ma mediums ena amazizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu igwirizane. Pofuna kupewa kung'ambika kuti zisawonekere pamalo osindikizira, wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kutsekanso nthawi yoyenera. Ngati zikuwonekera panthawi ya opaleshoni kuti ndizowonjezera msonkho, chifukwa chake chiyenera kufufuzidwa.

Ndizotheka kusintha kulongedza mokwanira ngati kuli kolimba kwambiri. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuchenjezedwa kuti akonze tsinde la valve ngati lakhota. Ngati valavu iyenera kutsegulidwa panthawiyi, ulusi wophimba valavu ukhoza kumasulidwa ndi theka la bwalo ku bwalo limodzi kuti muchepetse nkhawa pa tsinde la valve, kenaka mutembenuzire gudumu lamanja. Kwa ma valve ena, pamene valavu ili mu malo otsekedwa, gawo lotseka lidzakula chifukwa cha kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutsegula.

Taboo 17

Kuyika kolakwika kwa ma valve ozungulira kutentha kwambiri

Zotsatira: Kuchititsa kuti munthu atayike

Miyezo: Popeza kuti ma valve otenthetsera pamwamba pa 200 ° C amaikidwa pa kutentha kwa firiji, ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kuti asunge "kutentha kwa kutentha" pambuyo pa ntchito yabwino pamene kutentha kumakwera, ma bolts amakula chifukwa cha kutentha, ndipo kusiyana kumakula. Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuyang'ana kwambiri ntchitoyi chifukwa kutayikira kumatha kuchitika popanda iyo.

Taboo 18

Kupanda ngalande m'nyengo yozizira

Miyezo: Madzi omwe asonkhana kuseri kwa valve yamadzi ayenera kuchotsedwa pamene kunja kukuzizira ndipo valve yamadzi yatsekedwa kwa kanthawi. Madzi osungunuka ayenera kutsanulidwa pamene valavu ya nthunzi yazimitsa nthunzi. Pansi pa valavuyi amafanana ndi pulagi yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa kuti madzi atuluke.

Taboo 19

Valavu yopanda zitsulo, mphamvu yotsegula ndi yotseka ndi yayikulu kwambiri

Miyezo: Ma valve opanda zitsulo amabwera ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, zina zomwe zimakhala zolimba komanso zowonongeka. Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, mphamvu yotsegula ndi kutseka isakhale yochuluka, makamaka osati yaukali. Samalani kuti nanunso musagwirizane ndi zinthu.

Taboo 20

Vavu yatsopano yolongedza mothina kwambiri

Miyezo: Kulongedza sikuyenera kupakidwa mwamphamvu kwambiri pamene valavu yatsopano ikugwira ntchito pofuna kuteteza kutulutsa, kupanikizika kwambiri pa tsinde la valve, kuvala mofulumira, ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka movutikira. Njira zomangira ma valve, malo otetezera ma valve, bypass ndi zida, komanso kusinthana kwa ma valve ndizofunikira chifukwa kuyika kwa ma valve kumakhudza mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito.