Valavu ya gulugufe

Vavu ya gulugufe ndi ya gulu la mavavu a kotala. Mavavu a kotala ali ndi mitundu ya mavavu omwe amatha kutsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa potembenuza tsinde kotala.mavavu a gulugufe, pali diski yolumikizidwa ku tsinde. Ndodo ikazungulira, imazungulira diski ndi kotala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti diskiyo igwe molunjika ku madzi ndikusiya kuyenda. Kuti ibwezeretse kuyenda, tsinde limazungulira diskiyo kubwerera pamalo ake oyambirira, kutali ndi kuyenda.

Ma valve a gulugufe ndi otchuka chifukwa ndi osavuta kuyika, otsika mtengo, komanso amapezeka pafupifupi kukula konse. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zoyang'anira ndi kusinthana.

Kugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya gulugufe

Ma valve a gulugufe ndi ofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito ndi ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kukula kwawo komanso kuthekera kwawo kulamulira kuyenda kwa madzi, mpweya ndi matope. Ma valve a gulugufe samangoyimitsa kapena kuyambitsa kuyenda, komanso amaletsa kapena kuchepetsa kuyenda ngati pakufunika akatsegulidwa pang'ono.

Makasitomala ochokera m'mafakitale ambiri amagula ma valve a gulugufe, kuphatikizapo omwe amagwira ntchito yokonza chakudya (chamadzi), mafakitale amadzi, ulimi wothirira, kupanga mapaipi, kupanga mafakitale, makina otenthetsera ndi mayendedwe a mankhwala.

Ngakhale ma valve a gulugufe ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, ntchito zina zimaphatikizapo vacuum, kubwezeretsa mafuta, ntchito yoponderezedwa mpweya, kuziziritsa mpweya ndi madzi, HVAC, ntchito yamatope, ntchito yamadzi othamanga kwambiri, ntchito yamadzi otentha kwambiri, ntchito ya nthunzi ndi chitetezo cha moto.

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana, ma valve a gulugufe ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Izi zitha kuyikidwa mu chitoliro chilichonse, kuyambira madzi oyera mpaka madzi opukutira kapena matope. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu matope kapena matope, ntchito zotsukira vacuum, ntchito za nthunzi, ntchito zoziziritsa, mpweya, kapena gasi.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa valavu ya gulugufe

Ma valve a gulugufeAmapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito zabwino zambiri. Choyamba, ali ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kakang'ono aka, amafunika malo ochepa ogwirira ntchito kuposa ma valve ena ambiri. Kachiwiri, mtengo wokonzera valavu ya gulugufe ndi wotsika kwambiri. Kachiwiri, amapereka kuchulukana kwa magalimoto abwino kwambiri. Apanso, satulutsa madzi, koma amatha kutsegulidwa mosavuta akafunika. Ubwino wina wa valavu ya gulugufe ndi mtengo wake wotsika.

Ubwino wa valavu ya gulugufe

1. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kochepa komanso kapangidwe kake kakang'ono, mtengo woyikira ndi wotsika kwambiri.

2. Ma valve awa amakhala ndi malo ochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma valve ena.

3. Kuyendetsa yokha kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofulumira komanso yogwira mtima kuposa ma valve ena.

4. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka ma disc ambiri komanso zinthu zochepa zosuntha, zimafuna kukonza pang'ono, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa nyengo.

5. Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za mipando zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana, ngakhale m'malo opweteka.

6. Ma valve a gulugufe safuna zinthu zambiri, ndi osavuta kupanga ndi kupanga, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala otsika mtengo kuposa mitundu ina ya ma valve.

7. Ma valve a gulugufe angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kukhazikitsa pansi pa nthaka.

Zoyipa za valavu ya gulugufe

Zoonadi, kuipa kwa ma valve a gulugufe kumaposa ubwino wake. Koma musanagwiritse ntchito ma valve amenewa, pali zinthu zina zofunika kukumbukira.

1. Ngakhale litatsegulidwa bwino, malo ochepa a diski amaletsa kuyenda kwa zinthu. Izi zitha kusokoneza kayendedwe ka diski ndi chosinthira cha kupanikizika mu chitoliro.

2. Ntchito yotsekera si yabwino ngati ma valve ena.

3. Kuthamanga kwa throttling kumagwira ntchito pokhapokha ngati pali kuthamanga kochepa.

4. Valavu ya gulugufe nthawi zonse imakhala ndi chiopsezo chotseka kuyenda kwa madzi kapena kutsekeka kwa mphuno.

Kapangidwe ka valavu ya gulugufe

Ma valve a gulugufe ali ndi makhalidwe akuluakulu angapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo thupi, diski, tsinde, ndi mpando. Alinso ndi choyatsira, monga lever. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuzunguliza choyatsira valavu kuti asinthe malo a diski.

Thupi la valavu limayikidwa pakati pa ma flange awiri a mapaipi. Mapangidwe odziwika kwambiri a thupi ndi ma lugs ndi ma disc.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya diski ya valavu ndi yofanana ndi chipata chomwe chili mu valavu ya chipata, pulagi yomwe ili mu valavu ya pulagi, ndi mpira womwe uli muvalavu ya mpira, ndi zina zotero. Ikazunguliridwa 90 ° kuti iyende motsatira madzi, diski imakhala pamalo otseguka. Pamalo awa, diskiyo imalola madzi onse kudutsa. Disk ikazunguliridwanso, diskiyo imalowa pamalo otsekedwa ndipo imaletsa madzi kuyenda. Kutengera ndi momwe diskiyo ikuyendera komanso kapangidwe kake, wopanga amatha kusintha mphamvu yogwirira ntchito, kutseka ndi/kapena kuyenda.

Chitsinde cha valavu ndi shaft. Chikhoza kukhala chidutswa chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Ngati ndi chachiwiri, chimatchedwa shaft yogawanika.

Mpando umalumikizidwa ndi thupi la galimoto pogwiritsa ntchito makina okanikiza, omangirira kapena otsekera. Wopanga nthawi zambiri amapanga mpando wa valavu ndi polima kapena elastomer. Cholinga cha mpando wa valavu ndikupereka ntchito yotsekera valavu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mphamvu yozungulira yomwe imafunika potseka valavu ya gulugufe imatchedwa "seat torque", pomwe mphamvu yozungulira yomwe imafunika kuti valavu ya gulugufe izungulire gawo lake lotseka imatchedwa "off seat torque".

Choyatsira mpweya chingakhale cha makina kapena chodzipangira chokha, ndipo kuyenda kwa madzi kudzera mu chitoliro kungasinthidwe posuntha diski ya valavu. Chikatsekedwa, diski ya valavu imaphimba dzenje la valavu, ndipo madzi nthawi zonse amalumikizana ndi diski ya valavu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kuchepe. Kuti musinthe malo a diski kuti madzi ayende, tembenuzani tsindelo kotala.