Valve yachipatandi chotulukapo cha kusintha kwa mafakitale. Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe ena a ma valve, monga ma valve a globe ndi ma plug valves, akhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali, ma valve a pakhomo akhala akudziwika kwambiri pamakampani kwazaka zambiri, ndipo posachedwapa adasiya gawo lalikulu la msika ku mapangidwe a valve ndi butterfly valve. .

Kusiyana pakati pa valavu yachipata ndi valavu ya mpira, valavu ya pulagi ndi valavu ya butterfly ndikuti chinthu chotseka, chotchedwa disc, chipata kapena occluder, chimakwera pansi pa tsinde la valve kapena spindle, chimachoka m'madzi ndikulowa pamwamba pa valve, chotchedwa bonnet, ndi kuzungulira kupyola mu nsonga kapena nsonga zopota kangapo. Ma valve awa omwe amatsegulidwa motsatira mzere amadziwikanso kuti ma valve ambiri otembenuka kapena ozungulira, mosiyana ndi ma valve ozungulira kotala, omwe ali ndi tsinde lomwe limazungulira madigiri 90 ndipo silimawuka.

Mavavu a pachipata amapezeka muzinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana komanso kukakamiza kwamphamvu. Amasiyana kukula kwake kuchokera ku NPS yomwe ikugwirizana ndi dzanja lanu ½ Inchi kupita kugalimoto yayikulu ya NPS 144 inchi. Mavavu a pachipata amakhala ndi ma castings, forgings, kapena zida zopangidwa ndi kuwotcherera, ngakhale kapangidwe kake kamakhala kolamulira.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za ma valve a zipata ndikuti amatha kutsegulidwa kwathunthu popanda kutsekereza pang'ono kapena kukangana pamabowo oyenda. Kuthamanga kothamanga komwe kumaperekedwa ndi valve yotseguka yachipata kumakhala kofanana ndi gawo la chitoliro chokhala ndi doko lofanana. Chifukwa chake, ma valve a zipata amaganiziridwabe mwamphamvu kuti atseke kapena kutseka / kutseka ntchito. M'matchulidwe ena a valve, ma valve a zipata amatchedwa ma valve a globe.

Ma valve a zipata nthawi zambiri sali oyenera kuwongolera kuyenda kapena kugwirira ntchito mbali ina iliyonse kupatula kutseguka kwathunthu kapena kutseka kwathunthu. Kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yachipata yotseguka pang'ono kuti muchepetse kapena kuwongolera kutuluka kumatha kuwononga mbale ya valve kapena mphete yapampando wa valve, chifukwa m'malo otseguka pang'ono omwe amayambitsa chipwirikiti, malo amipando a valve amatha kugundana.

Njira ya valve ya gate

Kuchokera kunja, ma valve ambiri a zipata amawoneka ofanana. Komabe, pali njira zambiri zopangira. Ma valve ambiri a pakhomo amakhala ndi thupi ndi bonnet, yomwe imakhala ndi chinthu chotseka chotchedwa disc kapena chipata. Chotsekeracho chimalumikizidwa ndi tsinde lomwe limadutsa pa bonnet ndipo pomaliza ndi gudumu lamanja kapena galimoto ina kuti igwiritse ntchito tsinde. Kuthamanga kozungulira tsinde la valve kumayendetsedwa ndi kulongedza kumapanikizidwa kumalo onyamula katundu kapena chipinda.

Kusuntha kwa mbale ya valve pachipata pa tsinde la valavu kumatsimikizira ngati tsinde la valve likukwera kapena zomangira mu mbale ya valve potsegula. Izi zimatanthawuzanso masitayelo akulu awiri a tsinde/dimba a mavavu a zipata: tsinde lokwera kapena tsinde losakwera (NRS). Tsinde lokwera ndi njira yotchuka kwambiri yopangira tsinde/dimba pamsika wamafakitale, pomwe tsinde losakwera limakondedwa ndi mafakitale amadzi ndi mapaipi. Ntchito zina za zombo zomwe zimagwiritsabe ntchito ma valve a zipata ndipo zimakhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono amagwiritsanso ntchito kalembedwe ka NRS.

Mapangidwe odziwika bwino a tsinde/bonnet pa ma valve a mafakitale ndi ulusi wakunja ndi goli (OS&Y). Mapangidwe a OS&Y ndioyenera kwambiri kumalo owononga chifukwa ulusiwo umakhala kunja kwa malo osindikizira amadzimadzi. Zimasiyana ndi mapangidwe ena kuti gudumu lamanja limamangiriridwa ku tchire pamwamba pa goli, osati pa tsinde lokha, kuti gudumu lamanja lisadzuke pamene valavu yatseguka.

Gawo la msika wa ma valve pachipata

Ngakhale m'zaka zapitazi za 50, ma valve ozungulira kumanja atenga gawo lalikulu pamsika wa valve valve, mafakitale ena amadalirabe kwambiri, kuphatikizapo mafuta ndi gasi. Ngakhale kuti mavavu amagetsi apita patsogolo m'mapaipi a gasi, mafuta osakhwima kapena mapaipi amadzimadzi akadali malo a ma valve okhala ndi zipata zofananira.

Pankhani ya kukula kwakukulu, ma valve a pakhomo akadali kusankha kwakukulu kwa ntchito zambiri pamakampani oyenga. Kulimba kwa mapangidwe ndi mtengo wathunthu wa umwini (kuphatikiza chuma chokonzekera) ndi mfundo zofunika za kapangidwe kameneka.

Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito, njira zambiri zoyeretsera zimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwapamwamba kuposa kutentha kwa Teflon kotetezeka, chomwe ndi mpando waukulu wa ma valve oyandama. Ma valve agulugufe ochita bwino kwambiri ndi ma valve otsekedwa ndi zitsulo akuyamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa, ngakhale kuti mtengo wawo wonse wa umwini nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwera kuposa wa mavavu a pachipata.

Makampani opanga madzi akadali olamulidwa ndi ma valve achitsulo. Ngakhale m'mapulogalamu okwiriridwa, ndi otsika mtengo komanso okhazikika.

Makampani opanga magetsi amagwiritsa ntchitoma valve a alloy gatekwa mapulogalamu okhudza kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Ngakhale ma valve ena atsopano amtundu wa Y ndi ma valve okhala ndi zitsulo okhala ndi zitsulo opangidwa kuti azitsekera apezeka pamalo opangira magetsi, mavavu a pachipata amakondedwabe ndi opanga zomera ndi ogwiritsa ntchito.