1 Mfundo zazikuluzikulu pakusankha ma valve

1.1 Fotokozani cholinga cha valavu mu zida kapena chipangizo

Dziwani momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito: chikhalidwe cha sing'anga yoyenera, kuthamanga kwa ntchito, kutentha kwa ntchito ndi njira zoyendetsera ntchito, ndi zina zotero;

1.2 Kusankha kolondola kwa mtundu wa valve

Chofunikira pakusankha koyenera kwa mtundu wa vavu ndikuti wopanga amamvetsetsa bwino ntchito yonse yopanga ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito. Okonza akamasankha mitundu ya ma valve, ayenera kumvetsetsa kamangidwe kake ndi kachitidwe ka valve iliyonse;

1.3 Dziwani njira yotsekera ma valve

Pakati pa malumikizidwe opangidwa ndi ulusi, malumikizidwe a flange, ndi ma welded end, awiri oyambirira ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.Mavavu a ulusimakamaka mavavu okhala ndi m'mimba mwake mwadzina zosakwana 50mm. Ngati m'mimba mwake ndi waukulu kwambiri, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa ndi kusindikiza kugwirizana. Ma valve olumikizana ndi flange ndi osavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kusokoneza, koma ndi akulu komanso okwera mtengo kuposa ma valve opangidwa ndi ulusi, motero ndi oyenera kulumikizana ndi mapaipi amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapaipi ndi kukakamiza. Ma welded ndi oyenera katundu wolemera kwambiri ndipo ndi odalirika kuposa ma flange. Komabe, n'zovuta kusokoneza ndi kubwezeretsanso ma valve otsekemera, kotero kuti ntchito yawo imakhala yochepa pazochitika zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatha kugwira ntchito modalirika kwa nthawi yaitali, kapena kumene ntchito zimakhala zovuta komanso kutentha kumakhala kokwera;

1.4 Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu za valve

Posankha zipangizo za nyumba ya valve, ziwalo zamkati ndi malo osindikizira, kuwonjezera pa kulingalira zakuthupi (kutentha, kuthamanga) ndi mankhwala (kuwonongeka) kwa sing'anga yogwira ntchito, ukhondo wa sing'anga (kukhalapo kapena kusowa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tolimba). ) ziyenera kuganiziridwanso ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kutchulanso malamulo oyenerera a dzikolo komanso dipatimenti yogwiritsa ntchito. Kusankhidwa koyenera komanso koyenera kwa zida za valve kumatha kutsimikizira moyo wautumiki wachuma komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri a valve. Kusankhidwa kwa ma valve a thupi ndi: kuponyedwa kwachitsulo-carbon zitsulo-zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo ndondomeko yosankha mphete yosindikizira ndi: rabara-copper-alloy steel-F4;

1.5 Ena

Kuonjezera apo, kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi omwe akuyenda kudzera mu valve ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi valavu yoyenera yosankhidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zilipo (monga ma catalogs a valve product, zitsanzo za valve, etc.).

2 Chiyambi cha mavavu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri

Pali mitundu yambiri ya mavavu, kuphatikizapo ma valve a pakhomo, ma valve a globe, ma valve othamanga, ma valve a butterfly, ma valve a pulagi, ma valve a mpira, ma valve amagetsi, ma diaphragm, ma valve, ma valve otetezera, ma valve ochepetsera kuthamanga, misampha ndi ma valve otseka mwadzidzidzi, mwa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri Pali ma valve a zipata, ma valavu a globe, ma throttle valves, ma plug valves, ma valve a butterfly, ma valve a mpira, ma valve owunika, ma valve a diaphragm, ndi zina zambiri.

2.1Valve yachipata

Vavu yachipata imatanthawuza valavu yomwe thupi lake lotsegula ndi lotseka (mbale ya valve) imayendetsedwa ndi tsinde la valve ndikuyenda mmwamba ndi pansi pambali yosindikizira ya mpando wa valve kuti ilumikizane kapena kudula njira yamadzimadzi. Poyerekeza ndi ma valve oyimitsa, ma valve a pachipata amakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosindikiza, kukana kwamadzimadzi pang'ono, kuyesetsa pang'ono kuti atsegule ndi kutseka, ndipo amakhala ndi kusintha kwina. Iwo ndi amodzi mwa ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zoyipa zake ndikuti ndi zazikulu kukula komanso zovuta kwambiri pamapangidwe kuposa valve yoyimitsa. Malo osindikizira ndi osavuta kuvala komanso ovuta kuwasamalira, choncho nthawi zambiri siwoyenera kugwedezeka. Malingana ndi malo a ulusi pa tsinde la valve ya valve ya chipata, imagawidwa m'magulu awiri: tsinde lotseguka ndi mtundu wobisika. Malingana ndi mawonekedwe a chipata, chikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: mtundu wa wedge ndi mtundu wofanana.

2.2Vavu yoyimitsa

Valavu ya globe ndi valve yomwe imatseka pansi. Magawo otsegulira ndi otseka (ma valve discs) amayendetsedwa ndi tsinde la valve kuti asunthire mmwamba ndi pansi pamphepete mwa mpando wa valve (kusindikiza pamwamba). Poyerekeza ndi ma valve olowera pachipata, ali ndi machitidwe abwino owongolera, kusasindikiza bwino, kapangidwe kosavuta, kupanga ndi kukonza kosavuta, kukana kwamadzimadzi kwakukulu, komanso mtengo wotsika mtengo. Ndi valve yoyimitsa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaipi apakatikati ndi ang'onoang'ono.

2.3 valavu ya mpira

Mbali yotsegula ndi yotseka ya valve ya mpira ndi mpira wokhala ndi zozungulira kupyolera mu dzenje. Mpira umazungulira ndi tsinde la valve kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka valavu. Valve ya mpira imakhala ndi dongosolo losavuta, kutsegula ndi kutseka mwamsanga, kugwira ntchito kosavuta, kukula kochepa, kulemera kochepa, magawo ochepa, kukana kwamadzimadzi pang'ono, kusindikiza bwino komanso kukonza kosavuta.