Akatswiri odziwa bwino ntchito amavomereza kutinjira yothirira yanzeruMapulogalamu ndi chowongolera amatha kusunga madzi m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana poyerekeza ndi owongolera ulimi wothirira wamba. Kafukufuku wina woyerekeza wasonyeza kuti kusunga madzi kumatha kufika 30% mpaka 50%. Mayeso ochitidwa ndi Irrigation Research Institute (IA, Rice University International Water Research Center, California, USA) akuwonetsa kuti owongolera ulimi wothirira mwanzeru amatha kusunga madzi opitilira 20% kuposa owongolera ulimi wothirira wamba.

Kafukufuku wina wasayansi anayesa pulogalamu yowongolera/yolandirira zizindikiro.dongosoloMapulogalamuwa amakhala ndi chowongolera chachikhalidwe chothirira. Chowongoleracho chimavomerezeka pambuyo posintha. Kusunga madzi panja kumadalira pa zaka ziwiri zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa musanayike. Kuyesedwa ndi kusinthidwa malinga ndi nyengo. Ndalama zomwe zasungidwa panja zomwe zanenedwa ndi 16%, zomwe zikunenedwa kuti ndizofanana ndi 85% ya ndalama zomwe zingasungidwe kutengera ET yotchulidwa.

Zotsatira za wolamulira ulimi wanzeru pakusunga madzi

Tachita kafukufuku wa sayansi wokhudza ulimi wothirira wosunga madzi wokhudzana ndi ogwirizana nawo osunga madzi, womwe ndi mgwirizano wa zida 24 zamagetsi. Kusunga madzi kumawerengedwa kutengera nthawi yakale yomwe idagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo kusintha kwachitika pa nyengo. Malinga ndi malipoti, m'malo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera masensa, malo aliwonse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera masensa amvula amasunga matani 20,73 pachaka, ndipo malo aliwonse amasunga matani 100 pachaka.

Ponena za kukwanira, njira yowongolera kuthirira yokha mwanzeru imasunga madzi komanso kusunga ndalama kuposa njira zachikhalidwe zothirira. Imasunga ndalama zambiri komanso ndalama zambiri pamlingo winawake. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugula zida zowongolera kuthirira zosunga madzi kuti ulimi ndi ziweto zigwire ntchito. Chogulitsachi ndi champhamvu ndipo mtundu wake ndi wotsimikizika!

Kulima ndiwo zamasamba m'malo obiriwira okhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndiyo njira yayikulu yopezera ndalama kwa alimi a masamba, yokhala ndi mtengo wotsika komanso zotsatira zabwino. Nthawi yomweyo, ndi njira yopititsira patsogolo kukula kwa ndiwo zamasamba zopanda kuipitsa. Chifukwa cha kulima kwanzeru kwa chaka chonse, matenda a mizu ya nematode, kuvunda kwa mizu, kufinya kwa fusarium ndi matenda ena m'malo obiriwira okhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa komanso mchere wa nthaka ndizovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga ndi kupeza masamba. Kukwezedwa kwa ulimi wopanda nthaka m'dongosolo lachilengedwe, udzu wa bioreactor ndi ukadaulo wowongolera matenda ndi tizilombo kwabweretsa zotsatira zachuma, chikhalidwe ndi zachilengedwe.

1. Mpweya wolowera m'denga: Fakitale ya masamba yowunikira dzuwa yagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo njira yowonera zenera lozungulira ngati gulugufe yagwiritsidwa ntchito.

2. Mpweya wolowera m'mbali: Ikani mawindo apulasitiki okwana 60mm opangidwa ndi pulasitiki kumbali yakum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kwa Sunlight Vegetable Factory pamtunda wa pafupifupi 0.6m kuchokera pansi, kutalika kwa zenera ndi 1.2m;

3. Kapangidwe ka Fakitale ya Masamba a Sunlight; makhalidwe a zida zotenthetsera ndi zida zoziziritsira ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha, kuchuluka kwa intaneti ya zinthu zaulimi ndi kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide pakati pa madera osiyanasiyana a zinthu zamasamba za Sunlight, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya m'dera lomwe mbewu zimamera, kuti chinyezi chikhalepo Ndipo kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide kumagawidwa mofanana, ndipo fan ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyendetsa mpweya mwaluso.

4. Maukonde Oletsa Tizilombo: Ikani maukonde oletsa tizilombo okhala ndi mulifupi wa 1.8m kuchokera pa diso la 20 mpaka la 32 m'malo onse otseguka kuti mupewe ndikuchiza tizilombo. Matenda opatsirana ndi kulima ukonde woteteza tizilombo ndi ukadaulo watsopano komanso wothandiza waulimi womwe umawonjezera kupanga ndikupanga zotchinga zodzipatula pa mashelufu. Kunja kwa maukonde omwe amathamangitsa tizilombo, kudula njira yoberekera ya tizilombo (akuluakulu), ndipo tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, ndi othandiza. Kuletsa mbozi, ndiwo zamasamba, ntchentche zoyera, ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Ili ndi zoopsa zoletsa kufalikira kwa tizilombo touluka, beet armyworm, Liriomyza sativae, ndi Spodoptera litura, komanso kufalitsa matenda opatsirana, ndipo ili ndi ntchito zofalitsa kuwala, mthunzi wocheperako, komanso mpweya wabwino. Ili ndi mikhalidwe yabwino yopangira kukula kwa mbewu zoyenera. Imachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'minda yamasamba, ndipo imapereka ukadaulo wamphamvu wopanga zinthu zaulimi zobiriwira zopanda kuipitsa chilengedwe kuti apange mbewu zapamwamba, zaukhondo komanso zopangira.

Ndi chitukuko cha zidziwitso ndi kusintha kwa ulimi, ukadaulo wa Internet of Things walumikizidwa mokwanira ndi mafakitale a ulimi. Zipangizo za Internet of Things zimatenga nawo mbali mu dongosolo lowongolera lokha kudzera mu zida ndi zida zosiyanasiyana, ndipo zimapereka maziko asayansi owongolera pressure gauge + ball valve + controller copy.png ya zotsatira za greenhouse. Kutengera izi, nyumba yanzeru idabadwa. Kodi "nzeru" za greenhouse ya pulasitiki ili kuti? 1. Dongosolo la netiweki ya Internet of Things, zida zowongolera zokha, Zhejiang automatic watering system multifunctional collection node, sensor ya kutentha, sensor ya chinyezi,kuthirira mwanzeruSensa ya PH, ndi sensa yowunikira yomwe ili padenga lanzeru loyang'anira. Zipangizozi kuphatikizapo zida monga masensa a carbon dioxide zimatha kuzindikira zinthu zakuthupi monga kutentha, chinyezi, pH, mphamvu ya kuwala, michere ya m'nthaka, kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide, ndi zina zotero m'chilengedwe, ndipo zimakhala ndi malo abwino olima mbewu.

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya intaneti ya zinthu, opanga amatha kupeza mavuto mwachangu, ndipo amatha kudziwa bwino komwe kuli vutoli, ndikuzindikira kayendetsedwe kabwino ka ulimi. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yanzeru imakhala ndi zida zamagetsi monga zotsekera zamagetsi, mafani, makina othirira ndi kuthirira magetsi, ndipo imazindikira ntchito ya remote control. Opanga amatha kulowa mu dongosololi kudzera pafoni yam'manja kapena kompyuta, ndipo amatha kuwongolera valavu yamadzi mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu, fan ya yankho lanzeru lothirira, ndi chosinthira cha nsalu; amathanso kukhazikitsa njira yowongolera, ndipo dongosololi limatha kutsegula kapena kutseka yokha nsalu, valavu yamadzi, chophulitsira, ndi zina zotero malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili mkati ndi kunja kwa injini ya Chamber. 3. Funso lanzeru Wopanga akalowa mu dongosololi ndi foni yam'manja kapena kompyuta yake, amatha kufunsa magawo onse azachilengedwe, kutentha ndi chinyezi chakale, komanso zolemba zakale za zida zamagetsi zamagetsi mu nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zogwiritsa ntchito magetsi nthawi yeniyeni. Ntchito ya alamu ya zithunzi zakale imatha kuwonedwa nthawi yeniyeni. Malire ndi kuchepetsa malire, mitundu ya mbewu, kuzungulira kwa kukula, ndikuzisintha kuti zikhazikitse mitengo yokhazikika malinga ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Deta inayake ikapitirira malire, makina a netiweki ya Internet of Things nthawi yomweyo amatumiza uthenga wochenjeza kwa wopanga woyenerera, ndipo amatha kuyang'anira ndikutsatira njira zomwe zimadziwitsa wopangayo pakapita nthawi. Masensa osiyanasiyana owunikira ndi makina a netiweki akasunga deta yonse yowunikira, imakhala gwero losavuta lotsata zinthu zaulimi. Mabizinesi anzeru amatha kuzindikira ntchito yolemba moyo wazinthu zaulimi, kuphatikiza zinthu zonse zaulimi kuyambira nthawi yobzala mpaka nthawi yokolola.