Kukhazikitsa ma valve a chipata, ma valve ozungulira ndi ma valve owunikira

Valavu ya chipata, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti valavu ya chipata, ndi valavu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito chipata kuti ilamulire kutseguka ndi kutsekedwa. Imasintha kayendedwe ka payipi ndikutsegula ndi kutseka mapaipi posintha gawo la payipi. Mavalavu a chipata amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi omwe ali ndi zinthu zotseguka kwathunthu kapena zotsekedwa kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri palibe chifukwa chowongolera kuti muyike valavu ya chipata, koma siyingayikidwe mozondoka.

Avalavu yapadziko lonsendi valavu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito diski ya valavu kuti ilamulire kutseguka ndi kutsekedwa. Mwa kusintha mpata pakati pa diski ya valavu ndi mpando wa valavu, ndiko kuti, kusintha kukula kwa gawo lodutsa channel, kayendedwe kapakati kapena njira yapakati kamadulidwa. Mukayika valavu yoyimitsa, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa komwe madzi akuyenda.
Mfundo yomwe iyenera kutsatiridwa poyika valavu yoyimitsa ndi yakuti madzi omwe ali mupaipi amadutsa mu dzenje la valavu kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba, lomwe limadziwika kuti "low in and high out", ndipo kuyikira kumbuyo sikuloledwa.

Valavu yowunikira, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti check valve ndi one-way valve, ndi valavu yomwe imatseguka ndikutseka yokha pansi pa kusiyana kwa kuthamanga pakati pa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa valavu. Ntchito yake ndikulola medium kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha ndikuletsa medium kuyenda kubwerera mbali ina. Malinga ndi kapangidwe kosiyanasiyana, ma check valve amaphatikizapo lift, swing ndi butterfly clamp check valves. Lift check valves amagawidwa m'mitundu yopingasa ndi yoyima. Mukayika check valve, muyeneranso kulabadira njira ya flow ya medium ndipo musayiyike kumbuyo.

Kukhazikitsa valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga

Valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika ndi valavu yomwe imachepetsa kupanikizika kolowera ku kupsinjika kofunikira kotulukira kudzera mu kusintha ndipo imadzisungira yokha kupanikizika kokhazikika kotulukira podalira mphamvu ya cholumikiziracho.

Kuchokera pamalingaliro a makina amadzimadzi, valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika ndi chinthu chopondereza chomwe chingasinthe kukana kwa malo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, posintha malo opondereza, kuchuluka kwa kuyenda ndi mphamvu ya kinetic yamadzimadzi zimasinthidwa, motero zimapangitsa kutayika kosiyanasiyana kwa kupanikizika, motero kukwaniritsa cholinga chochepetsa kupanikizika. Kenako, potengera kusintha kwa dongosolo lowongolera ndi kulamulira, mphamvu ya kasupe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza kusinthasintha kwa kupanikizika kumbuyo kwa valavu, kuti kupanikizika kumbuyo kwa valavu kukhale kosalekeza mkati mwa mtundu wina wa zolakwika.

Kukhazikitsa valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga

1. Gulu la ma valavu ochepetsera kupanikizika lomwe layikidwa molunjika nthawi zambiri limayikidwa pakhoma pamtunda woyenera kuchokera pansi; gulu la ma valavu ochepetsera kupanikizika lomwe layikidwa molunjika nthawi zambiri limayikidwa pa nsanja yokhazikika yogwirira ntchito.

2. Gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo chooneka ngati chitsulo kuti muyike pakhoma kunja kwa mavavu awiri owongolera (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa mavavu oimitsa) kuti mupange bulaketi. Chitoliro chodutsa chimamatiranso pa bulaketi ndikulinganizidwa.

3. Valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga kwa mpweya iyenera kuyikidwa moyimirira pa payipi yopingasa ndipo siyenera kupendekeka. Muvi womwe uli pa thupi la valavu uyenera kuloza komwe madzi akuyenda bwino ndipo sungathe kuyikidwa chakumbuyo.

4. Ma valve oimitsa ndi ma gauge okwera komanso otsika a kuthamanga kwa mpweya ayenera kuyikidwa mbali zonse ziwiri kuti aone kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya isanayambe komanso itatha valavu. M'mimba mwake wa payipi pambuyo pa valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga kwa mpweya uyenera kukhala wokulirapo ndi 2#-3# kuposa m'mimba mwake wa payipi yolowera patsogolo pa valavu, ndipo payipi yodutsa mpweya iyenera kuyikidwa kuti ithandize kukonza.

5. Chitoliro choyezera kuthamanga kwa valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga kwa diaphragm chiyenera kulumikizidwa ku payipi yochepetsera kuthamanga. Mapaipi ochepetsera kuthamanga ayenera kukhala ndi mavavu oteteza kuti atsimikizire kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito bwino.

6. Pakagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa nthunzi, chitoliro chotulutsira madzi chiyenera kuyikidwa. Pa makina a mapaipi omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakuyeretsa, fyuluta iyenera kuyikidwa patsogolo pa valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika.

7. Gulu la ma valavu ochepetsera kupanikizika litayikidwa, valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika ndi valavu yotetezera ziyenera kuyesedwa kupanikizika, kutsukidwa ndi kusinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira pa kapangidwe, ndipo kusinthako kuyenera kulembedwa chizindikiro.

8. Mukatsuka valavu yochepetsera kupanikizika, tsekani valavu yolowera yochepetsera kupanikizika ndikutsegula valavu yotsukira kuti mutsukire.

Kukhazikitsa msampha

Ntchito yaikulu ya msampha wa nthunzi ndikutulutsa madzi oundana, mpweya ndi mpweya wa carbon dioxide mu dongosolo la nthunzi mwachangu momwe zingathere; nthawi yomweyo, imatha kuletsa kutulutsa kwa nthunzi kwambiri. Pali mitundu yambiri ya misampha, iliyonse ili ndi mphamvu zosiyana.

Malinga ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito za misampha ya nthunzi, zitha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu otsatirawa:

Makina: Amachita zinthu motsatira kusintha kwa mulingo wa condensate mu msampha, kuphatikizapo:

Mtundu wa kuyandama: Choyandamacho ndi bwalo lotsekedwa lopanda kanthu.

Mtundu wa float wotsegulira mmwamba: Float imakhala ngati mbiya ndipo imatsegulira mmwamba.

Mtundu wa float yotsegulira pansi: Float imakhala ngati mbiya pomwe floor yotsegulira pansi.

Mtundu wa thermostatic: umagwira ntchito malinga ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa madzi, kuphatikizapo:

Chipepala cha bimetallic: Chinthu chodziwikiratu ndi chipepala cha bimetallic.

Mtundu wa kupanikizika kwa nthunzi: Chinthu chodziwikiratu ndi katiriji, yomwe imadzazidwa ndi madzi osasunthika.

Mtundu wa Thermodynamic: Umagwira ntchito potengera kusintha kwa mphamvu ya thermodynamic ya madzi.

Mtundu wa diski: Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mpweya zomwe zimayendera pansi pa kupanikizika komweko, kupanikizika kosiyanasiyana kwa mphamvu ndi kosasinthasintha kumapangidwa kuti kuyendetse valavu ya diski kuti isunthe.

Mtundu wa kugunda kwa mtima: Pamene kutentha kosiyanasiyana kumadutsa m'mabolo a throttle orifice orifice orifice orifice okhala ndi mizati iwiri, mphamvu zosiyanasiyana zimapangidwa pakati pa mizati iwiri ya throttle orifice plates, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu isunthe.

Kukhazikitsa msampha

1. Ma valve oimitsa (ma valve oimitsa) ayenera kuyikidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo, ndipo fyuluta iyenera kuyikidwa pakati pa msampha ndi valavu yoimitsa yakutsogolo kuti dothi lomwe lili m'madzi oundana lisatseke msampha.

2. Chitoliro chowunikira chiyenera kuyikidwa pakati pa msampha ndi valavu yoyimitsa kumbuyo kuti muwone ngati msampha ukugwira ntchito bwino. Ngati nthunzi yambiri yatuluka mukatsegula chubu chowunikira, msamphawo wawonongeka ndipo ukufunika kukonzedwa.

3. Cholinga chokhazikitsa chitoliro chodutsa ndi kutulutsa madzi ambiri oundana panthawi yoyambira ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi otuluka mumsampha.

4. Pamene valavu yotulutsira madzi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa madzi oundana kuchokera ku zipangizo zotenthetsera, iyenera kuyikidwa pansi pa zipangizo zotenthetsera kuti chitoliro cha madzi oundana chibwerere molunjika ku valavu yotulutsira madzi kuti madzi asasonkhanitsidwe mu zipangizo zotenthetsera.

5. Malo oyikapo ayenera kukhala pafupi ndi malo otulutsira madzi momwe angathere. Ngati mtunda uli wautali kwambiri, mpweya kapena nthunzi zimatha kusonkhana mu chitoliro chachitali komanso chopyapyala patsogolo pa msampha.

6. Ngati chitoliro chachikulu chopingasa cha nthunzi chili chachitali kwambiri, nkhani zokhuza madzi ziyenera kuganiziridwa.