Kumvetsetsa Steam Control Valves

Kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa nthunzi ndi kutentha komwe kumafunikira ndi malo enaake ogwirira ntchito, nthunzima valve oyendetsaamagwiritsidwa ntchito.Mapulogalamuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zolowera kwambiri komanso kutentha, zomwe ziyenera kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.Zotsatira zake, kupanga ndi kuphatikiza ndi njira zomwe amakonda kupanga izivalavumatupi chifukwa amatha kusunga bwino nthunzi katundu pa kuthamanga kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri.Zipangizo zopukutira zimalola kupsinjika kwakukulu pamapangidwe kuposa kuponyedwavalavumatupi, amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino a kristalo, komanso amakhala ndi kusasinthika kwazinthu.

Opanga amatha kupereka magiredi apakatikati mpaka Class 4500 chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake.Pamene kupanikizika ndi kutentha kumakhala kotsika kapena valavu yamkati ikufunika, matupi a valve akadali njira yolimba.

Mtundu wa valavu yophatikizika yophatikizika imathandizira kuphatikizidwa kwa chotuluka chotalikirapo kuti chizitha kuyendetsa kuthamanga kwa nthunzi pazovuta zotsika potengera kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwamitundu ya nthunzi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika.Mofanana ndi izi, opanga amatha kulumikiza zolowera ndi zotuluka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kukakamiza kuti agwirizane bwino ndi mapaipi apafupi poyankha kutsika kwamphamvu kotuluka pogwiritsa ntchito ma valve ophatikizika komanso ophatikizira owongolera nthunzi.

Kuphatikiza pa maubwino amenewa, kuphatikiza kuzizira ndi kuchepetsa kupanikizika mu valve imodzi kuli ndi ubwino wotsatira magawo awiri osiyana:

1. Kusakaniza bwino kwa madzi kusanganikirana chifukwa cha chipwirikiti chokulirapo cha chipwirikiti chokongoletsedwa.

2. Chiŵerengero chosinthika chowonjezereka

3. Kuyika ndi kukonza ndizosavuta chifukwa ndi chida.

Titha kupereka mavavu osiyanasiyana owongolera nthunzi kuti tikwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito.Nazi zitsanzo zochepa chabe.

valve control valve

Valve yowongolera nthunzi, yomwe imakhala ndi ukadaulo wowongolera kwambiri wa nthunzi komanso ukadaulo wowongolera kupanikizika, imaphatikiza kuthamanga kwa nthunzi ndi kuwongolera kutentha mugawo limodzi lowongolera.Chifukwa chakukula kwamitengo yamagetsi komanso zofunikira zogwirira ntchito zamafakitale, mavavuwa amayankha kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka nthunzi.Valve yowongolera nthunzi imatha kupereka kuwongolera kutentha kwambiri komanso kuchepetsa phokoso kuposa malo ochepetsera kutentha ndi kupanikizika komwe kumakhala ndi ntchito yomweyo, komanso sikumatsekeredwa ndi mapaipi ndi zofunika kukhazikitsa.

Mavavu owongolera nthunzi ali ndi valavu imodzi yomwe imayang'anira kuthamanga ndi kutentha.Kapangidwe, kakulidwe, kuwongolera kwadongosolo, komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa magwiridwe antchito komanso kudalirika kwathunthu kwa mavavu amakwaniritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Finite Element Analysis (FEA) ndi Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).Kumanga kolimba kwa valavu yowongolera nthunzi kukuwonetsa kuti imatha kupirira kutsika kwamphamvu kwa nthunzi yayikulu, ndipo njira yolumikizira yogwiritsira ntchito ukadaulo wochepetsera phokoso la valve imathandizira kuchepetsa phokoso losafunikira ndi kugwedezeka.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika poyambitsa turbine kumatha kutsatiridwa ndi mapangidwe owongolera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mavavu owongolera nthunzi.Kwa nthawi yayitali ya moyo komanso kulola kukulitsa ngati kusokonezedwa ndi kutenthedwa kwa kutentha, khola limaumitsidwa.Pakatikati pa valve imakhala ndi chiwongolero chopitilira, ndipo zoyika za cobalt zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chidindo cholimba chachitsulo chokhala ndi mpando wa valve kuwonjezera pakupereka zinthu zowongolera.

Valavu yowongolera nthunzi imakhala ndi njira zambiri zopopera madzi pakachepa mphamvu.Manifoldwa ali ndi ma nozzles oyambitsira kumbuyo ndi ma geometry osinthika kuti apititse patsogolo kusanganikirana kwa madzi ndi kutuluka.

Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi kunsi kwa mtsinje wa kachitidwe kapakati kochepetsetsa, komwe mikhalidwe ya machulukitsidwe imatha kuchitika, ndipamene mphuno iyi idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito.Nozzle yamtunduwu imapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chizitha kusinthika popangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda pang'ono.Izi zimatheka pochepetsa kubwezera kumbuyo pa dP nozzle.Ubwino winanso ndikuti kung'anima kumapezeka potulutsa mphuno m'malo mwa valavu yowaza pomwe nozzle dP imachulukitsidwa pamabowo ang'onoang'ono.

Kung'anima kukachitika, katundu wa pulagi wa valavu mumphuno amakankhira kutseka kuti aletse kusintha kulikonse.Kuphatikizika kwamadzimadzi kumasintha pakatha kung'anima, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphuno ikhale yotseka ndikukakamizanso madziwo.Potsatira njirazi, madzimadziwa amabwereranso kukhala madzi ake ndipo akhoza kusinthidwa kukhala ozizira.

Ma geometry osinthika komanso ma nozzles opangidwa ndi back pressure

Valavu yowongolera nthunzi imawongolera kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera pakhoma la chitoliro ndikupita pakati pa chitoliro.Ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimabwera manambala osiyanasiyana opopera.Kutulutsa kwake kwa valve yowongolera kudzakulitsidwa kwambiri kuti ikwaniritse voliyumu ya nthunzi yapamwamba kwambiri ngati kusiyana kwa nthunzi kumakhala kofunikira.Kuti madzi opopera agawidwe molingana komanso moyenera, ma nozzles ambiri amayikidwa mozungulira potulukira.

Kukonzekera kochepetsetsa mu valve yoyendetsa nthunzi kumathandiza kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pa kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kupanikizika (ku ANSI Class 2500 kapena pamwamba).

Pulagi yoyendera bwino ya valavu yowongolera mpweya imapereka kusindikiza kwa Gulu la V komanso mawonekedwe oyenda bwino.Mavavu owongolera nthunzi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zowongolera ma valve a digito ndi ma piston actuators a pneumatic kuti amalize sitiroko yonse pasanathe masekondi a 2 ndikusunga kuyankha kolondola kwambiri.
Mavavu owongolera nthunzi atha kuperekedwa ngati zigawo zosiyana ngati kachitidwe ka mapaipi kakufuna, kulola kuwongolera kwamphamvu m'thupi la valavu ndikutentha kwambiri mu choziziritsa chapansi cha nthunzi.Kuonjezera apo, ngati ndalama sizingatheke, ndizothekanso kuphatikizira ma plug-in desuperheaters ndi ma valve oponyedwa owongoka.