Madzi a pampopi(yomwe imatchedwanso madzi a pampopi, madzi a pampopi kapena madzi a m'boma) ndi madzi omwe amaperekedwa kudzera m'mapaipi ndi ma valve a kasupe akumwa. Madzi a pampopi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomwa, kuphika, kutsuka ndi kutsuka zimbudzi. Madzi a pampopi a m'nyumba amagawidwa kudzera mu "mapaipi a m'nyumba". Mtundu uwu wa mapaipi wakhalapo kuyambira nthawi zakale, koma sunaperekedwe kwa anthu ochepa mpaka theka lachiwiri la zaka za m'ma 1800 pamene unayamba kutchuka m'maiko otukuka masiku ano. Madzi a pampopi anakhala ofala m'madera ambiri m'zaka za m'ma 1900 ndipo tsopano akusowa kwambiri pakati pa osauka, makamaka m'mayiko osauka.

M'mayiko ambiri, madzi apampopi nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi madzi akumwa. Mabungwe aboma nthawi zambiri amayang'anira ubwino wa madzi akumwa.madzi a pampopiNjira zoyeretsera madzi m'nyumba, monga zosefera madzi, kuwiritsa kapena kusungunula madzi, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza kuipitsidwa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi apampopi kuti madziwo azitha kumwedwa mosavuta. Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo (monga malo oyeretsera madzi) womwe umapereka madzi oyera m'nyumba, m'mabizinesi, ndi m'nyumba za anthu onse ndi gawo lalikulu la uinjiniya waukhondo. Kutcha madzi kuti "madzi apampopi" kumasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina yayikulu yamadzi abwino omwe angapezeke; izi zikuphatikizapo madzi ochokera m'madziwe osonkhanitsira madzi amvula, madzi ochokera m'mapampu a m'midzi kapena m'matauni, madzi ochokera m'zitsime, kapena mitsinje, mitsinje, kapena nyanja (Kumwedwa kumatha kusiyana).

maziko
Kupereka madzi apampopi kwa anthu okhala m'mizinda ikuluikulu kapena m'madera ozungulira kumafuna njira yovuta komanso yokonzedwa bwino yosonkhanitsira, kusunga, kukonza, ndi kugawa madzi, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndi udindo wa mabungwe aboma.

M'mbuyomu, madzi oyeretsedwa omwe amapezeka pagulu akhala akugwirizana ndi kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa nthawi yoyembekezera moyo komanso kusintha kwa thanzi la anthu. Kuyeretsedwa kwa madzi kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana m'madzi monga typhoid fever ndi kolera. Pali kufunika kwakukulu kwa kuyeretsa madzi akumwa padziko lonse lapansi. Chlorination ndiyo njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsedwa madzi, ngakhale kuti mankhwala a chlorine amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi zinthu zomwe zili m'madzi ndikupanga zinthu zoyeretsedwa (DBP) zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto pa thanzi la anthu. Mikhalidwe ya m'deralo yomwe imakhudza madzi apansi panthaka ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ma ayoni osiyanasiyana achitsulo, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangitsa madziwo kukhala "ofewa" kapena "olimba".

Madzi apampopi akadali pachiwopsezo cha kuipitsidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe kapena mankhwala. Kuipitsidwa kwa madzi ndi vuto lalikulu la thanzi padziko lonse lapansi. Matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa chomwa madzi oipitsidwa amapha ana 1.6 miliyoni chaka chilichonse. Ngati kuipitsidwa kumaonedwa kuti ndi koopsa pa thanzi la anthu, akuluakulu aboma nthawi zambiri amapereka malangizo okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi. Pankhani ya kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe, nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti anthu okhala m'deralo aziwiritsa madzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito madzi a m'mabotolo ngati njira ina asanamwe. Pankhani ya kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala, anthu okhala m'deralo angalangizidwe kuti asamamwe madzi apampopi kotheratu mpaka vutoli litathetsedwa.

M'madera ambiri, kuchuluka kochepa kwa fluoride (< 1.0 ppm F) kumawonjezeredwa mwadala m'madzi apampopi kuti mano akhale ndi thanzi labwino, ngakhale kuti "fluoride" ikadali nkhani yotsutsana m'madera ena. (Onani mkangano wokhudza fluoride m'madzi). Komabe, kumwa madzi kwa nthawi yayitali okhala ndi fluoride yambiri (> 1.5 ppm F) kungakhale ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kwambiri, monga fluorosis ya mano, enamel plaque ndi skeletal fluorosis, komanso kufooka kwa mafupa mwa ana. Kuopsa kwa fluorosis kumadalira kuchuluka kwa fluoride m'madzi, komanso zakudya za anthu ndi zochita zolimbitsa thupi. Njira zochotsera fluoride zimaphatikizapo njira zochokera ku nembanemba, kunyowa, kuyamwa, ndi electrocoagulation.

Malamulo ndi kutsatira malamulo
America
Bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) limayang'anira kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa zinthu zina zodetsa madzi m'machitidwe operekera madzi m'malo opezeka anthu ambiri. Madzi apampopi angakhalenso ndi zinthu zambiri zodetsa zomwe sizikulamulidwa ndi EPA koma zingakhale zovulaza thanzi la anthu. Machitidwe amadzi ammudzi—omwe amatumikira gulu lomwelo la anthu chaka chonse—ayenera kupatsa makasitomala "lipoti la chidaliro cha ogula" pachaka. Lipotilo limazindikira zinthu zodetsa (ngati zilipo) m'makina amadzi ndipo limafotokoza zotsatira zake pa thanzi. Pambuyo pa Flint Lead Crisis (2014), ofufuza adayang'ana kwambiri kafukufuku wokhudza momwe madzi akumwa amakhalira ku United States konse. Kuchuluka kwa lead kosatetezeka kwapezeka m'madzi apampopi m'mizinda yosiyanasiyana, monga Sebring, Ohio mu Ogasiti 2015 ndi Washington, DC mu 2001. Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti, pafupifupi 7-8% ya machitidwe amadzi ammudzi (CWS) amaphwanya nkhani zaumoyo wa Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zodetsa madzi m'madzi akumwa, pali milandu pafupifupi 16 miliyoni ya gastroenteritis yoopsa ku United States chaka chilichonse.

Asanamange kapena kusintha makina operekera madzi, opanga mapulani ndi makontrakitala ayenera kufunsa malamulo a mapaipi am'deralo ndikupeza zilolezo zomangira asanamange. Kusintha chotenthetsera madzi chomwe chilipo kungafunike chilolezo ndi kuwunika ntchito. Muyezo wadziko lonse wa US Drinking Water Pipeline Guide ndi zinthu zotsimikiziridwa ndi NSF/ANSI 61. NSF/ANSI inakhazikitsanso miyezo yotsimikizira zitini zingapo, ngakhale kuti Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inavomereza zinthuzi.