Taboo 1

Valavu imayikidwa molakwika.

Mwachitsanzo, njira yamadzi (nthunzi) yothamanga ya valve yoyimitsa kapena valavu yoyang'ana imatsutsana ndi chizindikiro, ndipo tsinde la valve limayikidwa pansi. The horizontally anaika valavu cheke imayikidwa vertically. Chogwirira cha valve yokwera pachipata kapena valavu yagulugufe ilibe malo otsegula ndi otseka. Tsinde la valve yobisika imayikidwa. Osati chapakhomo loyendera.

Zotsatira: Vavu imalephera, chosinthira chimakhala chovuta kukonza, ndipo tsinde la valve limaloza pansi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kutsika kwamadzi.

Miyezo: Ikani mosamalitsa molingana ndi malangizo oyika ma valve. Zama valve okwera tsinde, siyani kutalika kwa tsinde la valve yokwanira. Zavalavu butterfly, ganizirani mokwanira malo ozungulira chogwirira. Zitsanzo za ma valve osiyanasiyana sizingakhale zotsika kusiyana ndi malo opingasa, osasiya kutsika. Ma valve obisika sayenera kukhala ndi chitseko choyendera chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zotsegula ndi kutseka, komanso tsinde la valve liyenera kuyang'ana pakhomo loyang'ana.

Tabu 2

Mafotokozedwe ndi zitsanzo za ma valve oikidwa sizikugwirizana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.

Mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwadzina kwa valve kumakhala kochepa kusiyana ndi kuyesa kwa dongosolo; mavavu pachipata ntchito pamene chitoliro awiri a chitoliro madzi nthambi chitoliro ndi zosakwana kapena ofanana 50mm; ma valve oyimitsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito powuma ndi mipope yamadzi otentha; ma valve a butterfly amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi akuyatsa pampu yamadzi.

Zotsatira: Kukhudza kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valve ndikuwongolera kukana, kuthamanga ndi ntchito zina. Zingathenso kuchititsa kuti valavu iwonongeke ndipo iyenera kukonzedwa pamene dongosolo likuyenda.

Miyezo: Dziwani bwino momwe ma valve amagwiritsidwira ntchito amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo sankhani ma valve ndi mitundu yake malinga ndi kapangidwe kake. Kuthamanga mwadzina kwa valve kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyezetsa dongosolo. Malinga ndi zofunikira za zomangamanga: pamene m'mimba mwake wa chitoliro chanthambi choperekera madzi ndi chocheperapo kapena chofanana ndi 50mm, valve yoyimitsa iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito; pamene m'mimba mwake ndi wamkulu kuposa 50mm, valavu yachipata iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mavavu a pachipata ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potenthetsa madzi otentha mavavu owuma ndi ofukula, ndipo mavavu agulugufe sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamwa mapaipi amadzi amoto.

Tabu 3

Kulephera kuchita zowunikira zofunikira monga momwe zimafunikira musanayambe kukhazikitsa ma valve.

Zotsatira: Panthawi yogwira ntchito, ma valve osinthika sasintha, amatsekedwa mwamphamvu ndipo madzi (nthunzi) amatuluka, kuchititsa kukonzanso ndi kukonzanso, komanso kukhudza madzi abwino ( nthunzi).

Miyezo: Musanayike valavu, kuyesa mphamvu ndi zolimba ziyenera kuchitidwa. Mayeso akuyenera kuyang'ana mwachisawawa 10% ya gulu lililonse (mtundu womwewo, mawonekedwe omwewo, mtundu womwewo), osachepera imodzi. Kwa ma valve otsekedwa omwe amaikidwa pa mapaipi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi ntchito yodula, kuyesa mphamvu ndi zolimba ziyenera kuchitidwa imodzi ndi imodzi. Mphamvu ya valavu ndi kupanikizika koyezetsa kumayenera kugwirizana ndi "Construction Quality Acceptance Code for Building Water Supply, Drainage and Heating Projects" (GB 50242-2002).

Taboo 4

Zida zazikulu, zida ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zilibe zikalata zowunikira zaukadaulo kapena satifiketi yazinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika mdziko kapena unduna.

Zotsatira: Ubwino wa polojekitiyo ndi wosayenerera, pali zoopsa zobisika za ngozi, sizingaperekedwe pa nthawi yake, ndipo ziyenera kukonzedwanso ndi kukonzedwa; zomwe zimapangitsa kuchedwa kwa nthawi yomanga ndikuwonjezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi zipangizo.

Miyezo: Zida zazikulu, zida ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi, ngalande ndi kutenthetsa ndi ukhondo ziyenera kukhala ndi zikalata zowunikira zaukadaulo kapena ziphaso zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zomwe boma kapena unduna wapereka; mayina awo mankhwala, zitsanzo, specifications, ndi milingo dziko khalidwe ayenera chizindikiro. Nambala ya code, tsiku lopangidwa, dzina la wopanga ndi malo, satifiketi yowunikira zinthu zafakitale kapena nambala yakhodi.

Taboo 5

Kutembenuka kwa valve

Zotsatira:Yang'anani ma valve, ma throttle valves, ma valve ochepetsa kuthamanga, fufuzani ma valvendi ma valve ena onse ali olunjika. Ngati atayikidwa mozondoka, valavu ya throttle idzakhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito ndi moyo; valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga sikungagwire ntchito konse, ndipo valavu yowunikira sigwira ntchito konse. Zitha kukhala zoopsa.

Miyezo: Kawirikawiri, ma valve amakhala ndi zizindikiro pa thupi la valve; ngati sichoncho, ziyenera kudziwika bwino pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo yogwira ntchito ya valve. Mphuno ya valve ya valve yoyimitsa ndi yosakanikirana kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja, ndipo madzi amadzimadzi ayenera kudutsa pamtunda wa valve kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba. Mwanjira iyi, kukana kwamadzimadzi kumakhala kochepa (kutsimikiziridwa ndi mawonekedwe), ndipo ndikopulumutsa ntchito kuti atsegule (chifukwa kuthamanga kwapakati kumakwera). Pambuyo potseka, sing'angayo siyimakanikiza kulongedza, komwe kuli kosavuta kukonza. . Ichi ndichifukwa chake valavu yoyimitsa siyingayikidwe mosintha. Osayika valavu yachipata mozondoka (ndiko kuti, gudumu lamanja likuyang'ana pansi), apo ayi sing'angayo idzakhalabe mu danga la valve kwa nthawi yayitali, yomwe imawononga tsinde la valve mosavuta, ndipo imatsutsana ndi zofunikira zina. . Ndikovuta kwambiri kusinthira kulongedza panthawi yomweyo. Osayika ma valve okwera pansi pa tsinde, apo ayi tsinde lomwe likuwonekera lichita dzimbiri ndi chinyezi. Mukayika valavu yowunikira, onetsetsani kuti valavu yake ili yoyima kuti ikweze bwino. Mukayika valavu yoyang'ana swing, onetsetsani kuti pini yake ndi yofanana kuti igwedezeke bwino. Valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika pa chitoliro chopingasa ndipo sayenera kupendekera mbali iliyonse.

Taboo 6

Vavu yamanja imatsegula ndikutseka ndi mphamvu yochulukirapo

Zotsatira zake: Vavu ikhoza kuonongeka, kapena ngozi yachitetezo ikhoza kuchitika moyipa kwambiri.

Miyezo: Valve yamabuku, gudumu lamanja kapena chogwirira chake, amapangidwa molingana ndi anthu wamba, poganizira mphamvu ya malo osindikizira ndi mphamvu yotseka yofunikira. Choncho, zingwe zazitali kapena ma wrenches aatali sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusuntha bolodi. Anthu ena amazoloŵera kugwiritsa ntchito ma wrenches, choncho ayenera kusamala kuti asagwiritse ntchito mphamvu zambiri, mwinamwake ndizosavuta kuwononga malo osindikizira kapena kuthyola gudumu lamanja kapena chogwirira. Kuti mutsegule ndi kutseka valve, mphamvuyo iyenera kukhala yokhazikika komanso yopanda mphamvu. Zigawo zina za ma valve othamanga kwambiri omwe amakhudza kutsegula ndi kutseka awona kuti mphamvuyi singakhale yofanana ndi ma valve wamba. Kwa ma valve a nthunzi, ayenera kutenthedwa ndipo madzi osungunuka ayenera kuchotsedwa asanatsegule. Potsegula, atsegule pang'onopang'ono kuti apewe nyundo yamadzi. Vavu ikatsegulidwa kwathunthu, gudumu la m'manja liyenera kutembenuzidwa pang'ono kuti ulusi ukhale wolimba kuti zisawonongeke komanso kuwonongeka. Pa mavavu a tsinde okwera, kumbukirani malo a tsinde la valavu pamene atsegula ndi kutsekedwa kwathunthu kuti musamenye pakati pakufa pamene atsegula. Ndipo ndizosavuta kuyang'ana ngati zili zachilendo mukatsekedwa kwathunthu. Ngati tsinde la valavu likugwa, kapena zinyalala zazikulu zimayikidwa pakati pa zisindikizo zapakati pa valve, malo a valve tsinde adzasintha atatsekedwa kwathunthu. Pamene payipi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba, mkati mwake mumakhala dothi lambiri. Mutha kutsegula valavu pang'ono, gwiritsani ntchito kuthamanga kwambiri kwa sing'anga kuti mutsuke, kenaka mutseke pang'onopang'ono (musati mutseke mwamsanga kapena mutseke kuti muteteze zotsalira zotsalira kuti zisakanize pamwamba pa kusindikiza). Yatsaninso kachiwiri, bwerezani izi kangapo, muzimutsuka dothi, ndiyeno mubwerere kuntchito yachibadwa. Kwa mavavu otseguka nthawi zambiri, pakhoza kukhala dothi lomwe limamatiridwa pamalo osindikizira. Mukatseka, gwiritsani ntchito njira yomwe ili pamwambayi kuti muyeretse, ndikutseka mwamphamvu. Ngati gudumu kapena chogwirira chawonongeka kapena chatayika, chiyenera kusinthidwa nthawi yomweyo. Musagwiritse ntchito wrench kuti mulowe m'malo mwake, kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa mbali zinayi za tsinde la valve, kulephera kutsegula ndi kutseka bwino, komanso ngakhale ngozi pakupanga. Ma media ena amatha kuzizira valavu ikatsekedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma valve achepetse. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo atsekenso panthawi yoyenera kuti asasiye ming'alu pamalo osindikizira. Kupanda kutero, sing'angayo idzadutsa muzitsulozo mofulumira kwambiri ndikuwononga mosavuta malo osindikizira. . Panthawi yogwira ntchito, ngati mukuwona kuti ntchitoyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, muyenera kufufuza zifukwa zake. Ngati kulongedza kwake kuli kolimba kwambiri, masulani moyenera. Ngati tsinde la valve lakhota, dziwitsani ogwira ntchito kuti akonze. Pamene ma valve ena ali mu malo otsekedwa, mbali zotseka zimatenthedwa ndikukula, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kutsegula; ngati iyenera kutsegulidwa panthawiyi, masulani ulusi wophimba valavu theka kutembenukira kumodzi kuti muthetse nkhawa pa tsinde la valve, ndiyeno mutembenuzire gudumu lamanja.

Tabu 7

Kuyika kolakwika kwa ma valve kwa malo otentha kwambiri

Zotsatira: kuchititsa ngozi zotayikira

Miyezo: Ma valve otenthetsera pamwamba pa 200 ° C ali pa kutentha kwabwino pamene aikidwa, koma atagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, kutentha kumakwera, ma bolts amakula chifukwa cha kutentha, ndipo mipata imawonjezeka, choncho iyenera kumangidwanso, yomwe imatchedwa "kutentha." kulimbitsa”. Othandizira ayenera kulabadira ntchitoyi, apo ayi kutayikira kumatha kuchitika mosavuta.

Tabu 8

Kulephera kukhetsa madzi mu nthawi yozizira

Miyezo: Nyengo ikazizira ndipo valavu yamadzi imatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali, madzi omwe amasonkhanitsidwa kumbuyo kwa valve ayenera kuchotsedwa. Vavu ya nthunzi ikasiya nthunzi, madzi osungunuka ayeneranso kuchotsedwa. Pali pulagi pansi pa valve, yomwe imatha kutsegulidwa kuti ikhetse madzi.

Tabu 9

Vavu yopanda chitsulo, mphamvu yotsegula ndi yotseka ndi yayikulu kwambiri

Miyeso: Mavavu ena omwe si achitsulo ndi olimba komanso ophwanyika, ndipo ena amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa. Pogwira ntchito, mphamvu yotsegula ndi yotseka siyenera kukhala yaikulu, makamaka osati ndi mphamvu. Komanso samalani kuti mupewe kugundana ndi zinthu.

Taboo 10

Kulongedza kwa ma valve kwatsopano ndikothina kwambiri

Miyezo: Mukamagwiritsa ntchito valavu yatsopano, musakanize kulongedza mwamphamvu kwambiri kuti musatayike, kuti mupewe kupanikizika kwambiri pa tsinde la valve, kuvala mofulumira, komanso kuvutika kutsegula ndi kutseka. Ubwino wa kukhazikitsa ma valve kumakhudza mwachindunji ntchito yake, kotero kusamala kuyenera kuperekedwa ku mayendedwe ndi malo a valve, ntchito zomanga ma valve, malo otetezera ma valve, bypass ndi zida, ndi kusintha kwa valve.