Mukuganiza ngati valavu ya PVC ingathe kuthana ndi kupanikizika kwa makina anu? Cholakwika chingayambitse kuphulika kokwera mtengo komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito. Kudziwa malire enieni a kupanikizika ndi gawo loyamba kuti muyike bwino.

Ma valve ambiri a mpira wa PVC amayesedwa kuti azitha kupanikizika kwambiri pa 150 PSI (Mapaundi pa Inchi imodzi) pa kutentha kwa 73°F (23°C). Kuyesaku kumachepa pamene kukula kwa chitoliro ndi kutentha kwa ntchito zikukwera, choncho nthawi zonse yang'anani zomwe wopanga akufuna.

Ndikukumbukira kukambirana ndi Budi, manejala wogula zinthu ku Indonesia amene amagula ma valve ambirimbiri kuchokera kwa ife. Anandiimbira foni tsiku lina, akuda nkhawa. M'modzi mwa makasitomala ake, kontrakitala, anali ndi vuto la valavu pamakina atsopano. Mbiri yake inali pachiwopsezo. Titafufuza, tinapeza kuti makinawo anali kugwira ntchito bwino pang'ono.kutenthakuposa masiku onse, zomwe zinali zokwanira kuchepetsa mphamvu ya valavukupanikizikapansi pa zomwe dongosololi linkafuna. Zinali zophweka kunyalanyaza, koma zinagogomezera mfundo yofunika kwambiri: nambala yosindikizidwa pa valavu si nkhani yonse. Kumvetsetsa ubale pakati pa kuthamanga, kutentha, ndi kukula ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene akufuna kapena kuyika zigawozi.

Kodi valavu ya mpira wa PVC imagwira ntchito yotani?

Mukuona kuti pali kupanikizika, koma simukudziwa ngati kukugwirizana ndi vuto lanu. Kuganiza kuti nambala imodzi ikugwirizana ndi kukula ndi kutentha konse kungayambitse kulephera ndi kutayikira kosayembekezereka.

Valavu ya mpira wa PVC nthawi zambiri imatha kupirira 150 PSI, koma iyi ndi Cold Working Pressure (CWP). Kupanikizika kwenikweni komwe ingathe kupirira kumatsika kwambiri kutentha kwa madzi kumakwera. Mwachitsanzo, pa 140°F (60°C), kupanikizika kumatha kudulidwa pakati.

Chofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa apa ndi chimene timachitcha kuti “kapitolo kochepetsa kupanikizika"Ndi mawu aukadaulo otanthauza lingaliro losavuta: PVC ikayamba kutentha, imakhala yofewa komanso yofooka. Chifukwa cha izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kuti muisunge bwino. Taganizirani za botolo la pulasitiki. Likakhala lozizira, limakhala lolimba kwambiri. Mukalisiya m'galimoto yotentha, limakhala lofewa komanso losavuta kulipinda. AValavu ya PVCimagwira ntchito mofananamo. Opanga amapereka machati omwe amakuwonetsani kuchuluka kwa kupanikizika komwe valavu ingathe kuthana nako kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Monga lamulo, pakuwonjezeka kulikonse kwa 10°F pamwamba pa kutentha kozungulira (73°F), muyenera kuchepetsa kupanikizika kovomerezeka ndi pafupifupi 10-15%. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kupeza kuchokera kwa wopanga yemwe amapereka chowonekera bwinodeta yaukadaulondi wofunika kwambiri kwa akatswiri monga Budi.

Kumvetsetsa Ubale wa Kutentha ndi Kukula

Kuphatikiza apo, ma valve akuluakulu okhala ndi mainchesi ambiri nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kupanikizika kochepa kuposa ang'onoang'ono, ngakhale kutentha komweko. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha fizikisi; malo akuluakulu a mpira ndi thupi la valve amatanthauza kuti mphamvu yonse yomwe imachokera ku kupanikizika ndi yayikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zonse yang'anani kuyerekezera kwa kukula komwe mukugula.

Kodi malire a kuthamanga kwa valavu ya mpira ndi otani?

Mukudziwa malire a kupanikizika kwa PVC, koma kodi zimenezo zikufanana bwanji ndi njira zina? Kusankha zinthu zolakwika pa ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri kungakhale kulakwitsa kokwera mtengo, kapena koopsa.

Malire a kuthamanga kwa valavu ya mpira amadalira kwathunthu pa chinthu chake. Mavalavu a PVC ndi a makina ochepetsa kuthamanga (pafupifupi 150 PSI), mavalavu amkuwa ndi apakati (mpaka 600 PSI), ndipo mavalavu achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi amagetsi amphamvu, nthawi zambiri opitirira 1000 PSI.

Iyi ndi nkhani yomwe nthawi zambiri ndimakambirana ndi oyang'anira kugula zinthu monga Budi. Ngakhale kuti bizinesi yake yayikulu ndi ya PVC, nthawi zina makasitomala ake amakhala ndi mapulojekiti apadera omwe amafunamagwiridwe antchito apamwambaKumvetsa msika wonse kumamuthandiza kutumikira makasitomala ake bwino. Sangogulitsa chinthu chokha; amapereka yankho. Ngati kontrakitala akugwira ntchito pa mzere wothirira wamba, PVC ndiye yoyenera,chisankho chotsika mtengoKoma ngati kontrakitala yemweyo akugwira ntchito pa chitoliro chamadzi chothamanga kwambiri kapena makina okhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, Budi amadziwa kulangiza njira ina yachitsulo. Chidziwitsochi chimamuwonetsa ngati katswiri ndipo chimamanga chidaliro cha nthawi yayitali. Sizokhudza kugulitsa valavu yokwera mtengo kwambiri, komakumanjavalavu ya ntchitoyo.

Kuyerekeza Zipangizo Zamagetsi Zam'manja za Mpira

Kusankha koyenera nthawi zonse kumatengera zomwe mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito: kuthamanga, kutentha, ndi mtundu wa madzi omwe akuwongoleredwa.

Monga mukuonera, zitsulo monga mkuwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu yokoka kwambiri kuposa PVC. Mphamvu imeneyi imalola kuti zikhale ndi mphamvu yokoka kwambiri popanda chiopsezo cha kuphulika. Ngakhale kuti zimakhala ndi mtengo wokwera, ndizosankha zotetezeka komanso zofunika kwambiri pamene mphamvu yokoka ikupitirira malire a PVC.

Kodi mpweya woipa kwambiri wa PVC ndi wotani?

Mungayesedwe kugwiritsa ntchito PVC yotsika mtengo pa waya woponderezedwa. Ili ndi lingaliro lofala koma loopsa kwambiri. Kulephera apa si kutuluka kwa madzi; ndi kuphulika.

Musagwiritse ntchito ma valve kapena mapaipi a PVC wamba pa mpweya wopanikizika kapena mpweya wina uliwonse. Mpweya wopanikizika kwambiri womwe umalimbikitsa ndi zero. Mpweya wopanikizika umasunga mphamvu zambiri, ndipo ngati PVC yalephera, imatha kusweka n’kukhala zipolopolo zakuthwa komanso zoopsa.

Ili ndi chenjezo lofunika kwambiri la chitetezo lomwe ndimapereka kwa anzanga, ndipo ndikugogomezera gulu la Budi kuti liphunzire. Kuopsa kwake sikumveka bwino ndi aliyense. Chifukwa chake ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zakumwa ndi mpweya. Madzi ngati madzi saphikidwa. Ngati chitoliro cha PVC chomwe chili ndi madzi chimasweka, kuthamanga kwa madzi kumatsika nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mumataya madzi pang'ono kapena kugawanika. Komabe, mpweya umakhala wopanikizika kwambiri. Uli ngati kasupe wosungidwa. Ngati chitoliro cha PVC chomwe chili ndi mpweya wopanikizika chalephera, mphamvu zonse zomwe zasungidwazo zimatulutsidwa nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphulika kwamphamvu. Chitolirocho sichimangosweka; chimasweka. Ndawona zithunzi za kuwonongeka komwe izi zingayambitse, ndipo ndi chiopsezo chomwe palibe amene ayenera kutenga.

Kulephera kwa Hydrostatic vs. Pneumatic Pressure

Chiwopsezo chimachokera ku mtundu wa mphamvu zomwe zimasungidwa mu dongosolo.

• Kupanikizika kwa Madzi (Madzi):Madzi sapanikizika mosavuta. Chidebe chosungira madzi chikalephera, kuthamanga kwa madzi kumachepa nthawi yomweyo. Zotsatira zake zimakhala kutuluka kwa madzi. Mphamvu zimatha mwachangu komanso mosamala.
• Kupanikizika kwa Pneumatic (Mpweya/Gasi):Mpweya umapanikizika, zomwe zimasunga mphamvu zambiri zomwe zingatheke. Chidebecho chikalephera kugwira ntchito, mphamvu imeneyi imatulutsidwa mwachangu. Kulephera kumakhala koopsa, osati pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mabungwe monga OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) ali ndi malamulo okhwima oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito PVC yokhazikika pa mpweya wopanikizika.

Pa ntchito zogwiritsa ntchito mpweya woponderezedwa, nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zomwe zapangidwira komanso zoyesedwa bwino za mpweya woponderezedwa, monga mkuwa, chitsulo, kapena mapulasitiki apadera opangidwira cholinga chimenecho. Musagwiritse ntchito PVC yapamwamba kwambiri.

Kodi valavu ya mpira imathamanga bwanji?

Muli ndi valavu m'manja mwanu, koma muyenera kudziwa bwino lomwe mlingo wake. Kuwerenga molakwika kapena kunyalanyaza zizindikiro zomwe zili pathupi kungapangitse kuti mugwiritse ntchito valavu yosayesedwa bwino mu dongosolo lofunika kwambiri.

Kuyeza kwa kupanikizika ndi mtengo womwe umasindikizidwa mwachindunji pa thupi la valavu ya mpira. Nthawi zambiri umasonyeza nambala yotsatiridwa ndi "PSI" kapena "PN," yomwe ikuyimira kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa Cold Working Pressure (CWP) pa kutentha kozungulira, nthawi zambiri 73°F (23°C).

Nthawi zonse ndimalimbikitsa anzathu kuti aphunzitse ogwira ntchito m'nyumba zawo zosungiramo katundu ndi ogulitsa kuti aziwerenga bwino zizindikirozi. Ndi "chiphaso" cha valavu. Gulu la Budi likatsitsa katundu, limatha kutsimikizira nthawi yomweyo kuti lalandira.tsatanetsatane wa malonda olondola. Amalonda ake akamalankhula ndi kontrakitala, amatha kuloza chizindikiro chomwe chili pa valavu kuti atsimikizire kuti ikukwaniritsa zosowa za polojekitiyi. Gawo losavuta ili limachotsa zokayikitsa zilizonse ndikuletsa zolakwika valavu isanafike pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Zizindikirozo ndi lonjezo lochokera kwa wopanga za momwe valavu imagwirira ntchito, ndipo kuzimvetsa ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala komanso moyenera. Ndi tsatanetsatane waung'ono womwe umapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakuwonetsetsa kutikuwongolera khalidwe lonse mu unyolo wonse woperekera zinthu.

Momwe Mungawerengere Zolemba

Ma valve amagwiritsa ntchito ma code ovomerezeka kuti afotokoze malire awo. Nazi zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri pa valavu ya mpira wa PVC:

Mwachitsanzo, mungaone“150 PSI @ 73°F”Izi n'zomveka bwino: 150 PSI ndiye mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri, koma pa 73°F kapena pansi pake. Muthanso kuwona"PN10"Izi zikutanthauza kuti valavu imayesedwa kuti ipereke mphamvu ya 10 Bar. Popeza 1 Bar ndi pafupifupi 14.5 PSI, valavu ya PN10 ndi yofanana ndi valavu ya 145 PSI. Nthawi zonse yang'anani nambala ya mphamvu ndi kutentha kulikonse komwe kumagwirizana kuti mupeze chithunzi chonse.

Mapeto

Malire a kuthamanga kwa valavu ya mpira wa PVC nthawi zambiri amakhala 150 PSI pa madzi, koma izi zimachepa ndi kutentha. Chofunika kwambiri, musagwiritse ntchito PVC pamakina oponderezedwa mpweya.