Mukudabwa ngati valavu ya PVC ikhoza kuthana ndi kupanikizika kwa dongosolo lanu? Kulakwitsa kungayambitse kuphulika kokwera mtengo komanso kutsika. Kudziwa malire enieni a kukakamiza ndi sitepe yoyamba yoyika bwino.

Mavavu ambiri a PVC a mpira amavoteredwa kuti azitha kuthamanga kwambiri 150 PSI (Mapaundi pa Inchi ya Square) pa kutentha kwa 73 ° F (23 ° C). Izi zimachepa pamene kukula kwa chitoliro ndi kutentha kwa ntchito kumawonjezeka, choncho nthawi zonse fufuzani zomwe wopanga amapanga.

Ndikukumbukira kucheza ndi Budi, woyang’anira zogula zinthu ku Indonesia amene amagula mavavu masauzande kwa ife. Anandiyitana ine tsiku lina, okhudzidwa. M'modzi mwa makasitomala ake, womanga nyumba, valve idalephera pa kukhazikitsa kwatsopano. Mbiri yake inali pamzere. Titafufuza, tidapeza kuti dongosololi likuyenda mokwera pang'onokutenthakuposa momwe zimakhalira, zomwe zinali zokwanira kuti valavu ikhale yogwira mtimakuthamanga mlingopansipa zomwe dongosololi limafunikira. Kunali kuyang'anitsitsa kosavuta, koma kunatsindika mfundo yovuta: nambala yosindikizidwa pa valve si nkhani yonse. Kumvetsetsa kugwirizana pakati pa kupanikizika, kutentha, ndi kukula ndikofunikira kwa aliyense amene akufufuza kapena kuyika zigawozi.

Kodi valavu ya mpira wa PVC imatha kupirira bwanji?

Mukuwona kukakamizidwa, koma simukutsimikiza ngati ikugwirizana ndi zomwe muli nazo. Kungoganiza kuti nambala imodzi ikugwirizana ndi makulidwe onse ndi kutentha kungayambitse kulephera kosayembekezereka ndi kutayikira.

Vavu ya mpira wa PVC imatha kugwira 150 PSI, koma iyi ndi Cold Working Pressure (CWP). Kupanikizika kwenikweni komwe kumatha kutsika kwambiri pamene kutentha kwamadzimadzi kumakwera. Mwachitsanzo, pa 140 ° F (60 ° C), mlingo wa kuthamanga ukhoza kudulidwa pakati.

Chinthu chofunikira kumvetsetsa apa ndi chomwe timachitcha "pressure de-rating curve.” Ndilo mawu aukadaulo a lingaliro losavuta: pamene PVC imatenthedwa, imayamba kufewa chifukwa cha izi, uyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika pang'ono kuti ukhale wotetezekaValve ya PVCamagwira ntchito chimodzimodzi. Opanga amapereka ma chart omwe amakuwonetsani ndendende momwe valavu imatha kupirira kutentha kosiyanasiyana. Monga lamulo la chala chachikulu, pakukwera kulikonse kwa 10 ° F pamwamba pa kutentha kozungulira (73 ° F), muyenera kuchepetsa kuthamanga kovomerezeka ndi 10-15%. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kupeza kuchokera kwa wopanga yemwe amapereka momveka bwinodata yaukadaulondizofunikira kwambiri kwa akatswiri ngati Budi.

Kumvetsetsa Kutentha ndi Kukula Ubale

Kuonjezera apo, ma valve akuluakulu a m'mimba mwake nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu yotsika kusiyana ndi yaing'ono, ngakhale kutentha komweko. Izi ndichifukwa cha physics; malo akuluakulu a mpira ndi thupi la valve amatanthauza kuti mphamvu yonse yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kupanikizika ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Nthawi zonse yang'anani mavoti enieni a kukula kwake komwe mukugula.

Kodi malire a kuthamanga kwa vavu ya mpira ndi chiyani?

Mukudziwa malire a PVC, koma izi zikufanana bwanji ndi zosankha zina? Kusankha zinthu zolakwika pa ntchito yopanikizika kwambiri kungakhale kulakwitsa kwakukulu, kapena koopsa.

Kupanikizika kwa valve ya mpira kumadalira kwathunthu zinthu zake. Mavavu a PVC ndi a makina otsika kwambiri (pafupifupi 150 PSI), mavavu amkuwa ndi apakati (mpaka 600 PSI), ndipo mavavu osapanga dzimbiri ndi amagetsi othamanga kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amapitilira 1000 PSI.

Uku ndi zokambirana zomwe ndimakhala nazo nthawi zambiri ndi oyang'anira ogula ngati Budi. Ngakhale bizinesi yake yayikulu ili mu PVC, makasitomala ake nthawi zina amakhala ndi mapulojekiti apadera omwe amafunikirantchito zapamwamba. Kumvetsetsa msika wonse kumamuthandiza kuti azitumikira makasitomala ake bwino. Samangogulitsa katundu; amapereka yankho. Ngati kontrakitala akugwira ntchito pamzere wothirira wokhazikika, PVC ndiyabwino,kusankha kotchipa. Koma ngati kontrakitala yemweyo akugwira ntchito yopangira madzi othamanga kwambiri kapena makina omwe amatentha kwambiri, Budi amadziwa kupangira njira ina yachitsulo. Kudziwa zimenezi kumamupangitsa kukhala katswiri ndipo kumapangitsa kuti anthu azikhulupirirana kwa nthawi yaitali. Sizokhudza kugulitsa valavu yodula kwambiri, komakulondolavalve ya ntchito.

Kufananiza Zida Zofanana za Mpira Wavavu

Kusankha koyenera nthawi zonse kumabwera ku zofuna za ntchito: kuthamanga, kutentha, ndi mtundu wamadzimadzi omwe akuwongoleredwa.

Monga mukuonera, zitsulo monga mkuwa ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka kuposa PVC. Mphamvu yachilengedweyi imawalola kukhala ndi zipsinjo zapamwamba kwambiri popanda chiopsezo chophulika. Ngakhale amabwera pamtengo wokwera, iwo ndi otetezeka komanso oyenera kusankha pamene zovuta za dongosolo zimadutsa malire a PVC.

Kodi mpweya wothamanga kwambiri wa PVC ndi uti?

Mutha kuyesedwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito PVC yotsika mtengo panjira yoponderezedwa. Ili ndi lingaliro wamba koma lowopsa kwambiri. Kulephera apa si kutayikira; ndi kuphulika.

Musagwiritse ntchito ma valve a mpira wa PVC kapena mapaipi a mpweya woponderezedwa kapena mpweya wina uliwonse. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya wabwino kwambiri ndi ziro. Mpweya wopanikizidwa umasunga mphamvu zochulukirapo, ndipo PVC ikalephera, imatha kusweka kukhala ma projectile akuthwa, oopsa.

Ili ndi chenjezo lofunika kwambiri lachitetezo chomwe ndimapereka kwa anzanga, komanso china chake chomwe ndimatsindika ku gulu la Budi kuti adziphunzitse okha. Kuopsa kwake sikudziwika bwino ndi aliyense. Chifukwa chake ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa zakumwa ndi mpweya. Madzi ngati madzi ndi osapumitsidwa. Ngati chitoliro cha PVC chokhala ndi madzi chikung'ambika, kuthamanga kumatsika nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mumangotulutsa pang'ono kapena kugawanika. Mpweya, komabe, umakhala wopanikizika kwambiri. Zili ngati kasupe wosungidwa. Ngati chitoliro cha PVC chokhala ndi mpweya woponderezedwa chikulephera, mphamvu zonse zosungidwa zimatulutsidwa nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuphulika koopsa. Chitoliro sichimangosweka; chimasweka. Ndawonapo zithunzi za kuwonongeka komwe kungayambitse, ndipo ndi chiopsezo chomwe palibe amene ayenera kutenga.

Hydrostatic vs. Pneumatic Pressure Failure

Zowopsa zimachokera ku mtundu wa mphamvu zosungidwa mu dongosolo.

• Hydrostatic Pressure (Madzi):Madzi sapanikiza mosavuta. Pamene chidebe chokhala ndi madzi chikulephera, mphamvuyo imamasuka nthawi yomweyo. Zotsatira zake ndi kutayikira. Mphamvuyi imatha mofulumira komanso motetezeka.
• Pneumatic Pressure (Mpweya/Gasi):Gasi compresses, kusunga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kuthekera. Chidebecho chikalephera, mphamvuyi imatulutsidwa kwambiri. Kulepherako ndi koopsa, osati pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mabungwe monga OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) ali ndi malamulo okhwima oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito PVC wamba pa mpweya woponderezedwa.

Pogwiritsa ntchito pneumatic, nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito zida zopangidwira ndikuvotera mpweya wopanikizidwa, monga mkuwa, chitsulo, kapena mapulasitiki apadera opangira izi. Musagwiritse ntchito PVC ya pulayimale.

Kodi valavu ya mpira ndi yotani?

Muli ndi valavu m'manja mwanu, koma muyenera kudziwa mlingo wake weniweni. Kuwerenga molakwika kapena kunyalanyaza zolemba pathupi kungayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yocheperako mu dongosolo lovuta.

Chiyembekezo cha kuthamanga ndi mtengo wosindikizidwa mwachindunji pa thupi la valavu ya mpira. Nthawi zambiri imawonetsa nambala yotsatiridwa ndi "PSI" kapena "PN," yomwe imayimira Cold Working Pressure (CWP) pa kutentha kozungulira, nthawi zambiri 73 ° F (23 ° C).

Nthawi zonse ndimalimbikitsa anzathu kuti aphunzitse antchito awo osungiramo katundu ndi ogulitsa kuti awerenge zolemba izi molondola. Ndi "ID khadi" ya valve. Gulu la Budi likatsitsa katundu, amatha kutsimikizira nthawi yomweyo kuti alandilazolondola za mankhwala. Ogulitsa ake akamalankhula ndi kontrakitala, amatha kuloza mlingo wa valve kuti atsimikizire kuti akukwaniritsa zosowa za polojekitiyo. Njira yosavuta iyi imachotsa zongoyerekeza ndikuletsa zolakwika valavu isanafike kumalo ogwirira ntchito. Zolembazo ndi lonjezo lochokera kwa wopanga za momwe ma valve amagwirira ntchito, ndipo kuwamvetsetsa ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa mosamala komanso moyenera. Ndi tsatanetsatane yaying'ono yomwe imapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pakuwonetsetsakuwongolera kwabwino panjira yonse yoperekera.

Momwe Mungawerengere Zolemba

Mavavu amagwiritsa ntchito ma code okhazikika kuti afotokoze malire awo. Nazi zina zomwe mungapeze pa valve ya PVC ya mpira:

Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kuona“150 PSI @ 73°F”. Izi ndizomveka bwino: 150 PSI ndiye kuthamanga kwakukulu, koma kokha kapena pansi pa 73 ° F. Mutha kuwonanso"PN10". Izi zikutanthauza kuti valavu idavotera kukakamiza mwadzina kwa 10 Bar. Popeza 1 Bar ili pafupi 14.5 PSI, valavu ya PN10 imakhala yofanana ndi valavu ya 145 PSI. Nthawi zonse yang'anani nambala yakukakamiza komanso matenthedwe ogwirizana nawo kuti muwone chithunzi chonse.

Mapeto

Kuthamanga kwa valve ya mpira wa PVC nthawi zambiri kumakhala 150 PSI pamadzi, koma chiwerengerochi chimatsika ndi kutentha. Chofunika kwambiri, musagwiritse ntchito PVC pamakina oponderezedwa a mpweya.