Mukufuna kuyesa mphamvu ya PVC yomwe mwangoiyika kumene. Mwatseka valavu, koma funso lovuta likubwera: kodi valavuyo ingathe kuthana ndi mphamvu yamphamvu, kapena idzasweka ndikudzaza malo ogwirira ntchito?

Ayi, mayeso okhazikika a kupanikizika sadzawononga valavu ya mpira wa PVC yabwino. Mavalavu awa adapangidwa kuti azigwira kupanikizika motsutsana ndi mpira wotsekedwa. Komabe, muyenera kupewa kukwera kwadzidzidzi kwa kupanikizika monga nyundo yamadzi ndikutsatira njira zoyenera.

Iyi ndi nkhani yofala kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri ndimafotokozera anzanga, kuphatikizapo gulu la Budi ku Indonesia. Makasitomala awo amafunika chidaliro chonse kutimavavuadzachita zinthu movutikiramayeso a dongosolo. Pamene valavu ikugwira bwino ntchito, imatsimikizira ubwino wa valavuyo komanso kuyika kwake. Kuyesa koyenera ndi chizindikiro chomaliza chovomereza ntchito yomwe yachitika bwino. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungachitire bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri popewa ngozi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina onse opopera madzi akudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kodi mungathe kuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi pogwiritsa ntchito valavu ya mpira?

Muyenera kupatula gawo la chitoliro kuti muyesedwe. Kutseka valavu ya mpira kumawoneka ngati kwanzeru, koma mukuopa kuti mphamvuyo ingasokoneze zomangira kapena kuswa thupi la valavu yokha.

Inde, mungathe ndipo muyenera kuyesa kuthamanga pogwiritsa ntchito valavu yotsekedwa ya mpira. Kapangidwe kake kamapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuipatula. Kuthamanga kwenikweni kumathandiza pokankhira mpira mwamphamvu kwambiri pampando wapansi, ndikuwonjezera chisindikizo.

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zabwino zazikulu zama valavu a mpirakapangidwe kake. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zimachitika mkati. Mukatseka valavu ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera kumbali yakumtunda, mphamvuyo imakankhira mpira wonse woyandama kupita ku mpando wa PTFE (Teflon) womwe uli pansi pake. Mphamvu imeneyi imakanikiza mpandowo, ndikupanga chisindikizo cholimba kwambiri. Vavu imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yoyesera kuti izitseke bwino kwambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake valavu ya mpira ndi yabwino kuposa mapangidwe ena, mongamavavu a chipataPachifukwa ichi. Valavu ya chipata ikhoza kuwonongeka ngati yatsekedwa ndikuyikidwa pa mphamvu yayikulu. Kuti muyese bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awiri osavuta: Choyamba, onetsetsani kuti chogwirira chatembenuzidwa madigiri 90 mpaka pamalo otsekedwa kwathunthu. Valavu yotseguka pang'ono idzalephera mayeso. Chachiwiri, lowetsani mphamvu yoyesera (kaya ndi mpweya kapena madzi) mu dongosolo pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono kuti mupewe kugwedezeka mwadzidzidzi.

Kodi mungathe kuyesa chitoliro cha PVC chopanikizika?

Dongosolo lanu latsopano la PVC lili ndi guluu wokwanira komanso wolumikizidwa. Likuwoneka bwino kwambiri, koma kutayikira pang'ono, kobisika mu cholumikizira chimodzi kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu pambuyo pake. Mukufuna njira yotsimikizira 100%.

Inde. Kuyesa kuthamanga kwa makina atsopano a mapaipi a PVC ndi sitepe yosakambirana kwa katswiri aliyense wa mapaipi. Kuyesa kumeneku kumatsimikizira kukhulupirika kwa cholumikizira chilichonse cholumikizidwa ndi zosungunulira ndi ulusi chisanaphimbidwe.

Iyi ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yowongolera khalidwe. Kupeza malo otayikira madzi asanatsekedwe makoma kapena ngalande zisanadzazidwe n'kosavuta kukonza. Kupeza malowo pambuyo pake ndi tsoka. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zoyeseraMapaipi a PVC: madzi osakhazikika (hydrostatic)ndi mpweya (mpweya).

Njira Yoyesera	Ubwino	Zoyipa
Madzi (Osasinthasintha)	Ndi otetezeka, chifukwa madzi sapanikizika ndipo amasunga mphamvu zochepa. Kutuluka kwa madzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta kuona.	Zingakhale zonyansa. Zimafuna madzi ndi njira yotulutsira madzi m'dongosolo pambuyo pake.
Mpweya (Pneumatic)	Chotsukira. Nthawi zina mungapeze malo otayira madzi pang'ono omwe madzi sangawatulutse nthawi yomweyo.	Zoopsa kwambiri. Mpweya wopanikizika umasunga mphamvu zambiri; kulephera kugwira ntchito kumatha kuwononga mphamvu.

Kaya njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi iti, lamulo lofunika kwambiri ndi kudikira kuti simenti yosungunulira iume bwino. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatenga maola 24, koma nthawi zonse muyenera kuyang'ana malangizo a wopanga simenti. Kukanikiza makinawo msanga kwambiri kudzawononga malo olumikizirana. Kupanikizika koyesa kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi nthawi 1.5 kuposa kuthamanga kwa makinawo, koma musapitirire kupanikizika kwa gawo lotsika kwambiri mu makinawo.

Kodi valavu yoyezera ya PVC ingawonongeke?

Pampu yanu yamadzi imagwira ntchito, koma madzi satsika. Kapena mwina pampuyo imasinthasintha nthawi zonse. Mukukayikira kuti pali vuto, ndipo valavu yosaoneka ndiyo ingayambitse vutoli.

Inde, valavu yoyezera PVC ingalephereke. Popeza ndi chipangizo chamakina chokhala ndi ziwalo zosuntha, chingatsekere chifukwa cha zinyalala, zomangira zake zitha kutha, kapena kasupe wake ungasweke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi abwerere m'mbuyo.

Ma valve owunikirandi ngwazi zosayamikirika za machitidwe ambiri a mapaipi, koma sizimafa. Ntchito yawo ndi kulola kuti madzi aziyenda mbali imodzi yokha. Akalephera, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa vuto. Chifukwa chofala kwambiri chakulepherandi zinyalala. Mwala waung'ono, tsamba, kapena chidutswa cha pulasitiki chingalowe mu valavu, zomwe zimalepheretsa valavu kapena mpira kukhala bwino. Izi zimasunga valavu yotseguka pang'ono, zomwe zimathandiza kuti madzi ayende mmbuyo. Chifukwa china ndi kuwonongeka kosavuta. Kwa maulendo ambirimbiri, chisindikizo chomwe valavu kapena mpira umatseka chingawonongeke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kutayikira pang'ono kosalekeza. Mu valavu yowunikira yothandizidwa ndi kasupe, kasupe wachitsulo amatha kuwonongeka pakapita nthawi, makamaka m'madzi ovuta, pamapeto pake kutaya mphamvu kapena kusweka kwathunthu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuyikama valve owunikirapamalo osavuta kuwaona ndikuwasintha. Ndi chinthu chokonzedwa, osati chokhazikika.

Kodi valavu ya mpira wa PVC imagwira ntchito yotani?

Mukusankha ma valve a pulojekiti ndipo onani “150 PSI” pambali. Muyenera kudziwa ngati zimenezo ndizokwanira pa ntchito yanu, kapena ngati mukufuna njira yolimba.

Ma valve okhazikika a mpira wa PVC nthawi zambiri amayesedwa kuti ali ndi mphamvu ya 150 PSI ya kuthamanga kwa madzi kosagwedezeka pa 73°F (23°C). Kuthamanga kumeneku kumachepa kwambiri pamene kutentha kwa madzi omwe amadutsa mu valavu kumawonjezeka.

Tsatanetsatane wa kutentha kumeneko ndiye gawo lofunika kwambiri pomvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Pulasitiki ya PVC imakhala yofewa komanso yosinthasintha ikayamba kutentha. Pamene ikufewa, mphamvu yake yopirira kuthamanga kwa mpweya imachepa. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri ya mapaipi a thermoplastic omwe nthawi zonse ndimagogomezera ndi Budi ndi gulu lake. Ayenera kutsogolera makasitomala awo kuti aziganizira kutentha kwa mpweya wawo, osati kuthamanga kokha.

Nayi chitsogozo chachikulu cha momwe kutentha kumakhudzira kuthamanga kwa valavu ya PVC:

Kutentha kwa Madzi	Kuyeza kwa Kupanikizika Kwambiri
73°F (23°C)	150 PSI (100%)
100°F (38°C)	110 PSI (~73%)
120°F (49°C)	75 PSI (50%)
140°F (60°C)	50 PSI (~33%)

Mawu oti "osagwedezeka" nawonso ndi ofunikira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwerengeraku kumagwira ntchito pa kupanikizika kokhazikika komanso kosalekeza. Sikutanthauza kuti nyundo yamadzi imakwera mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha kutseka kwa valavu mwachangu kwambiri. Kukwera kumeneku kumatha kupitirira 150 PSI ndikuwononga dongosolo. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito mavalavu pang'onopang'ono kuti mupewe izi.

Mapeto

Kuyesa kuthamanga kwa magazi sikungawononge khalidweValavu ya mpira wa PVCNgati zachitika bwino. Nthawi zonse perekani mphamvu pang'onopang'ono, khalani mkati mwa malire a kuthamanga ndi kutentha kwa valavu, ndipo lolani simenti yosungunulira iume bwino.