mfundo yogwirira ntchito
A valavu ya gulugufendi mtundu wa valavu yomwe imasintha kayendedwe ka sing'anga poitsegula kapena kuitseka poitembenuza mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pafupifupi madigiri 90. Kuwonjezera pa kapangidwe kake kosavuta, kukula kwake kochepa, kulemera kwake kopepuka, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochepa, kuyika kosavuta, mphamvu yochepa yoyendetsera, komanso kugwira ntchito mwachangu,valavu ya gulugufeimagwiranso ntchito bwino pankhani yolamulira kayendedwe ka madzi komanso ili ndi makhalidwe abwino otseka ndi kutseka. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yachangu kwambiri ya valavu. Kugwiritsa ntchitomavavu a gulugufendi yofala.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kukupitirirabe kusinthasintha ndi kukwera, ndipo kukusintha kukhala kutentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, mainchesi akulu, kutseka kwambiri, kukhala ndi moyo wautali, kusintha kwabwino kwambiri, komanso kugwira ntchito zambiri kwa valavu. Tsopano ili ndi kudalirika kwakukulu komanso magwiridwe antchito ena.

Magwiridwe antchito a ma valve a gulugufe asintha chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito rabala lopangidwa losagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Popeza rabala lopangidwa lili ndi makhalidwe monga kukana dzimbiri, kukana kukokoloka kwa nthaka, kukula kokhazikika, kulimba bwino, kusavuta kupanga, komanso mtengo wotsika, rabala lopangidwa lokhala ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana lingasankhidwe mogwirizana ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito kuti likwaniritse momwe ma valve a gulugufe amagwirira ntchito.

Popeza polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) imalimbana kwambiri ndi dzimbiri, imagwira ntchito bwino, imakana kukalamba, imasinthasintha pang'ono, imasinthasintha mosavuta, komanso imakhazikika kukula, magwiridwe ake onse amatha kukulitsidwa podzaza ndi kuwonjezera zinthu zoyenera kuti zikhale zolimba komanso zosakanikirana bwino. Rabala yopangidwa ili ndi zovuta zina, koma zida zotsekera ma valve a gulugufe zomwe zimakhala ndi coefficient yotsika zimawazungulira. Pofuna kukonza magwiridwe antchito a ma valve a gulugufe, zida zapamwamba za polima, monga polytetrafluoroethylene, ndi zinthu zawo zosinthidwa zodzaza zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Tsopano yasinthidwa, ndipo valavu ya gulugufe yapangidwa yokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi kuthamanga, magwiridwe antchito odalirika otsekera, komanso moyo wautali wothandiza.

Ma valve a gulugufe otsekedwa ndi chitsulo apita patsogolo kwambiri kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za mafakitale monga kutentha kwambiri ndi kotsika, kukokoloka kwamphamvu, komanso moyo wautali. Ma valve a gulugufe otsekedwa ndi chitsulo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kutentha kwambiri ndi kotsika, kukokoloka kwamphamvu, komanso moyo wautali chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kukana kutentha kwambiri, kukana kutentha kochepa, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kukokoloka kwamphamvu, ndi zipangizo za aloyi zamphamvu kwambiri. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ukadaulo wa ma valve a gulugufe, ma valve a gulugufe akuluakulu (9–750mm), kuthamanga kwambiri (42.0MPa), ndi kutentha kwakukulu (-196–606°C) adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Vavu ya gulugufe imakhala ndi mphamvu pang'ono yolimbana ndi madzi ikatsegulidwa bwino. Mavavu a gulugufe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira kukula kwa machubu akuluakulu chifukwa amatha kulamulira madzi mosavuta pamalo otseguka pakati pa 15° ndi 70°.

Ma valve ambiri a gulugufe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi malo olumikizirana omwe ali ndi tinthu tolimba tomwe timapachikidwa chifukwa mbale ya gulugufe imayenda mozungulira. Ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa malo olumikizirana ndi ufa, kutengera mphamvu ya chisindikizocho.

Ma valve a gulugufe ndi othandiza powongolera kuyenda kwa madzi. Posankha valavu ya gulugufe, ndikofunikira kuganizira mokwanira momwe kutayika kwa mphamvu kumakhudzira dongosolo la mapaipi komanso mphamvu ya mbale ya gulugufe kuti ipirire kupsinjika kwa njira yolumikizira mapaipi ikatsekedwa chifukwa kutayika kwa mphamvu ya valavu ya gulugufe mu chitoliro ndi kwakukulu, pafupifupi katatu kuposa valavu ya chipata. Kutentha kogwirira ntchito kwa zinthu zotanuka pa kutentha kwambiri kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa.

Vavu ya gulugufe ili ndi kapangidwe kakafupi komanso kutalika kochepa. Imatseguka ndi kutseka mwachangu ndipo ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zowongolera madzi. Kupanga mavavu akuluakulu ndikofunikira kwambiri pa kapangidwe ka valavu ya gulugufe. Gawo lofunika kwambiri posankha valavu ya gulugufe yomwe idzagwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera ikagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera kuyenda kwa madzi ndikusankha mtundu ndi zofunikira zoyenera.

Ma valve a gulugufe nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito popopera, kulamulira, ndi malo osungira matope komwe kumafunika kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake kochepa, liwiro lotseguka ndi kutseka mwachangu, komanso kudulidwa kwa mphamvu yochepa (kusiyana pang'ono kwa mphamvu). Ma valve a gulugufe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi malo obisala, njira zocheperako, phokoso lochepa, kutsekeka kwa mpweya ndi nthunzi, kutuluka pang'ono kwa mpweya, komanso kusintha malo awiri. Kusintha kwa throttle mukamagwira ntchito pazochitika zachilendo, monga kutseka mwamphamvu, kuwonongeka kwambiri, kutentha kochepa kwambiri, ndi zina zotero.