A valavu pachipatandi valavu yomwe imayenda mmwamba ndi pansi pamzere wowongoka pampando wa valve (kusindikiza pamwamba), ndi gawo lotsegula ndi lotseka (chipata) choyendetsedwa ndi tsinde la valve.

1. Kodi avalavu pachipataamachita

Mtundu wa valavu yotseka yotchedwa valavu ya pachipata imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza kapena kutulutsa sing'anga mu payipi.Valve yachipata imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri zosiyanasiyana.Ma valve omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku China ali ndi machitidwe otsatirawa: kuthamanga kwadzina PN1760, kukula kwadzina DN151800, ndi kutentha kwa ntchito t610 ° C.

2. Zochitika za avalavu pachipata

① Ubwino wa vavu pachipata

A. Palibe kukana madzimadzi.Sing'anga sikusintha kayendedwe kake kamene kamadutsa pa valve ya chipata popeza njira yapakati mkati mwa thupi la valve ya chipata imadutsa molunjika, zomwe zimachepetsa kukana kwamadzimadzi.

B. Pali kukana pang'ono pakutsegula ndi kutseka.Poyerekeza ndi valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi, kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu yachipata sikupulumutsa ntchito chifukwa mayendedwe a chipata ndi perpendicular kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe.

C. Mayendedwe a sing'anga ndi opanda malire.Popeza sing'angayo imatha kuyenda mbali iliyonse kuchokera kumbali zonse za valavu yachipata, imatha kugwira ntchito yomwe ikufunidwa ndipo ndiyoyenera kwambiri mapaipi pomwe njira ya media ingasinthe.

D. Ndichipangidwe chachifupi.Kutalika kwa valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi yayifupi kuposa ya valavu ya pachipata chifukwa valavu yapadziko lonse lapansi imakhala yopingasa m'thupi la valve pamene valavu yachipata ya chipata imayikidwa molunjika mkati mwa thupi la valve.

E. Kukwanitsa kusindikiza kogwira mtima.Malo osindikizira sawonongeka pang'ono akatsegulidwa kwathunthu.

② Zoyipa za valve pachipata

A. Ndizosavuta kuwononga malo osindikizira.Malo osindikizira a pachipata ndi mpando wa valve amakumana ndi kukangana kwapafupi pamene akutsegula ndi kutseka, zomwe zimawonongeka mosavuta ndipo zimachepetsa ntchito yosindikiza komanso moyo wautali.

B. Kutalika kwake ndi kwakukulu ndipo nthawi yotsegula ndi yotseka ndi yaitali.Kugunda kwa mbale ya pachipata ndi yaikulu, malo enaake amafunikira kuti atsegule, ndipo mawonekedwe akunja ndi apamwamba chifukwa valve yachipata iyenera kutsegulidwa kwathunthu kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu pamene ikutsegula ndi kutseka.

Mapangidwe ovuta, kalata C. Poyerekeza ndi valavu yapadziko lonse, pali zigawo zambiri, zimakhala zovuta kupanga ndi kukonza, ndipo zimawononga ndalama zambiri.

3. Kumanga kwa valve pachipata

Thupi la valavu, boneti kapena bulaketi, tsinde la valavu, nati ya valavu, mbale yachipata, mpando wa valve, bwalo lonyamula, kusindikiza, kunyamula, ndi chipangizo chotumizira zimapanga zambiri za valve.

Valavu yodutsa (valavu yoyimitsa) imatha kulumikizidwa molumikizana pamapaipi olowera ndi otuluka pafupi ndi mavavu a mainchesi akulu kapena othamanga kwambiri kuti muchepetse kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa torque.Tsegulani valavu yodutsa musanayambe kutsegula chitseko cha chipata pamene mukugwiritsa ntchito kufananitsa kupanikizika kumbali zonse za chipata.Dipo la bypass valve ndi DN32 kapena kupitilira apo.

① Thupi la valavu, lomwe limapanga gawo lokhala ndi mphamvu pamayendedwe apakatikati ndipo ndilo gawo lalikulu la valavu yachipata, limamangiriridwa ku payipi kapena (zida).Ndikofunikira kuyika mpando wa valve pamalo ake, kuyika chivundikiro cha valve, ndikulumikiza payipi.Kutalika kwa chipinda chamkati cha valve ndi chachikulu kwambiri chifukwa chipata chofanana ndi diski, chomwe chimakhala choyimirira ndikuyenda mmwamba ndi pansi, chiyenera kukwanira mkati mwa thupi la valve.Kuthamanga mwadzina kumatanthawuza momwe thupi la valve limapangidwira.Mwachitsanzo, valavu ya valve yotsika kwambiri imatha kuphwanyidwa kuti ifupikitse kutalika kwake.

Mu thupi la valve, njira zambiri zapakati zimakhala ndi gawo lozungulira.Shrinkage ndi njira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma valve a zipata okhala ndi ma diameter akuluakulu kuti achepetse kukula kwa chipata, kutsegula ndi kutseka mphamvu, ndi torque.Pamene shrinkage ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kukana kwamadzimadzi mu valve kumawonjezeka, kumayambitsa kutsika kwa mphamvu ndi kukwera mtengo kwa mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa shrinkage kwachannel sikuyenera kukhala kopitilira muyeso.Busbar ya ngodya yochepetsetsa yolowera pakati pa mzere wapakati siyenera kupitirira 12 °, ndipo chiŵerengero cha m'mimba mwake wa mpando wa valve mpaka m'mimba mwake mwadzina kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 0.8 ndi 0.95.

Kulumikizana pakati pa thupi la valve ndi payipi, komanso thupi la valve ndi bonnet, zimatsimikiziridwa ndi thupi la valve pachipata.Cast, forging, forged welding, cast cast, and chubu plate welding ndi njira zonse zopangira mavavu ovuta.Pamadiameters pansi pa DN50, matupi oponyera ma valve amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma valavu opangidwa ndi mbewa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ma valve opangidwa ndi zitsulo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zomwe zimasokonekera, ndipo zomangira zomangira zimatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.Matupi a ma valve opangidwa ndi forging amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma valve omwe ali ndi vuto ndi njira yonse yopangira.

②Chivundikiro cha valve chimakhala ndi bokosi loyikapo ndipo chimamangiriridwa ku thupi la valve, ndikupangitsa kuti likhale chigawo chachikulu cha chipinda chopanikizika.Chophimba cha valve chimakhala ndi zida zothandizira pamakina, monga mtedza wa tsinde kapena njira zopatsirana, zapakati ndi zazing'ono.

③Mtedza wa tsinde kapena zigawo zina za chipangizo chotumizira zimathandizidwa ndi bulaketi, yomwe imamangiriridwa ku bonati.

④ Tsinde la valve limalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi tsinde kapena chipangizo chopatsira.Gawo la ndodo yopukutidwa ndi kulongedza zimapanga awiri osindikizira, omwe amatha kutumiza torque ndikuchita ntchito yotsegula ndi kutseka chipata.Malingana ndi malo a ulusi pa tsinde la valve, valavu ya chipata cha tsinde ndi valavu yobisika ya tsinde imasiyanitsidwa.

A. Vavu ya chipata chokwera ndi yomwe ulusi wake wopatsira umakhala kunja kwa pabowo la thupi ndipo tsinde lake la valve limatha kuyenda mmwamba ndi pansi.Nati ya tsinde pa bulaketi kapena bonati iyenera kuzunguliridwa kuti ikweze tsinde la valve.Ulusi wa tsinde ndi mtedza wa tsinde sizimalumikizana ndi sing'anga ndipo motero sizimakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa sing'anga ndi dzimbiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala otchuka.Mtedza wa tsinde ukhoza kusinthasintha popanda kusuntha mmwamba ndi pansi, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa pakupaka tsinde la valve.Kutsegula kwa chipata kumamvekanso bwino.

B. Mavavu a zipata za tsinde lakuda amakhala ndi ulusi wopatsira womwe umakhala mkati mwa thupi ndi tsinde la valavu yozungulira.Kuzungulira tsinde la valavu kumayendetsa mtedza wa tsinde pa mbale yachipata, kuchititsa kuti tsinde la valve liwuke ndi kugwa.Tsinde la valve limatha kupota, osati kusuntha mmwamba kapena pansi.Vavu ndizovuta kuyendetsa chifukwa cha kutalika kwake kochepa komanso zovuta kutsegula ndi kutseka.Zizindikiro ziyenera kuphatikizidwa.Ndi yoyenera kwa sing'anga yosawononga komanso nyengo yomwe ili ndi nyengo yoipa chifukwa kutentha ndi dzimbiri za sing'anga zimalumikizana pakati pa ulusi wa tsinde la valve ndi mtedza wa tsinde ndi sing'anga.

⑤ Mbali ya kinematic pair yomwe imatha kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku chipangizo chotumizira ndikutumiza torque imapangidwa ndi mtedza wa tsinde la valve ndi gulu la ulusi wa valve.

⑥Mtengo wa valavu kapena mtedza wa tsinde ukhoza kuperekedwa mwachindunji ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, mphamvu ya mpweya, mphamvu ya hydraulic, ndi ntchito kudzera pa chipangizo chotumizira.Kuyendetsa mtunda wautali m'mafakitale opangira magetsi nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsa ntchito mawilo am'manja, zophimba ma valve, zida zotumizira, ma shaft olumikizira, ndi ma couplings onse.

⑦ Mpando wa valve Kugudubuza, kuwotcherera, kulumikiza ulusi, ndi njira zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutetezera mpando wa valve ku thupi la valve kuti utseke ndi chipata.

⑧Kutengera ndi zosowa za kasitomala, mphete yosindikiza imatha kuwonekera mwachindunji pa thupi la valve kuti ipange malo osindikizira.Malo osindikizira amathanso kuthandizidwa mwachindunji pa ma valve a ma valve opangidwa ndi zinthu monga chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic, ndi alloy yamkuwa.Pofuna kuteteza sing'anga kuti isadutse pa tsinde la valve, kulongedza kumayikidwa mkati mwa bokosi lopangira zinthu (stuffing box).