Taboo 1

Panthawi yomanga m'nyengo yozizira, kuyesa kwa hydraulic pressure kumachitika pa kutentha koipa.

Zotsatira zake: Chifukwa chitolirocho chimaundana mwachangu poyesa kuthamanga kwa hydraulic, chitolirocho chimaundana.

Miyezo: Yesani kuyesa kuthamanga kwa hydraulic isanakhazikitsidwe nthawi yachisanu, ndikuphulitsa madzi pambuyo poyesa kuthamanga.Makamaka, madzi mu valavu ayenera kuyeretsedwa kwathunthu, apo ayi valavu idzachita dzimbiri bwino kapena kuzizira ndikusweka kwambiri.

Pamene kuyesa kuthamanga kwa madzi kwa polojekitiyi kuyenera kuchitidwa m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa m'nyumba kuyenera kusungidwa kutentha kwabwino, ndipo madzi ayenera kuwombedwa pambuyo poyesa kukakamiza.

Tabu 2

Ngati mapaipiwo sakuwomberedwa mosamala asanamalizidwe, kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe ndi liwiro silingakwaniritse zofunikira pakuyatsa mapaipi.Ngakhale kuwotcha kumasinthidwa ndi kukhetsa kwamphamvu kwa hydraulic.

Zotsatira zake: Mayendedwe amadzi samakwaniritsa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti mapaipi achepetse kapena kutsekeka.

Miyezo: Gwiritsani ntchito kuchuluka kwa madzi othamanga m'dongosolo kapena kuthamanga kwamadzi kosachepera 3m/s pakuwombeza.Mtundu wa madzi otuluka ndi kuwonekera ziyenera kugwirizana ndi mtundu ndi kuwonekera kwa madzi olowera molingana ndi kuyang'ana kowonekera.

Tabu 3

Madzi onyansa, madzi a mvula ndi ma condensate amayenera kubisika popanda kuyesedwa kuti atseke madzi.

Zotsatira zake: Kutaya madzi kumatha kuchitika ndipo kutayika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kumatha kuchitika.

Miyeso: Ntchito yoyesa madzi otsekedwa iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuvomerezedwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa.Zobisika zonyansa, madzi amvula, mapaipi a condensate, etc. okwiriridwa pansi, muzitsulo zoyimitsidwa, pakati pa mapaipi, ndi zina zotero ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti zisawonongeke.

Taboo 4

Pakuyesa mphamvu ya hydraulic ndikuyesa kulimba kwa mapaipi, kuchuluka kwamphamvu kokha ndi kusintha kwamadzi kumawonedwa, ndipo kuyang'anira kutayikira sikokwanira.

Zotsatira zake: Kutayikira kumachitika pambuyo poti mapaipi akugwira ntchito, zomwe zimakhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi zonse.

Miyezo: Pamene dongosolo la mapaipi likuyesedwa malinga ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe ndi zomangamanga, kuwonjezera pa kujambula mtengo wa kuthamanga kapena kusintha kwa madzi mkati mwa nthawi yotchulidwa, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kuti muwone bwinobwino ngati pali vuto lililonse lotayirira.

Taboo 5

Valve ya butterflyamagwiritsa ntchito flangewamba valavu flange.

Zotsatira zake: Kukula kwa valavu ya butterfly ndi yosiyana ndi flange wamba.Ma flanges ena amakhala ndi mainchesi ang'onoang'ono amkati, pomwe valavu ya butterfly imakhala ndi valavu yayikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti valavu isatseguke kapena kutseguka mwamphamvu, ndikuwononga valavu.

Miyezo: Pangani mbale ya flange molingana ndi kukula kwenikweni kwa valavu ya butterfly.

Taboo 6

Palibe mabowo osungidwa ndi magawo ophatikizidwa panthawi yomanga nyumba yomanga, kapena mabowo osungidwa ndi ang'onoang'ono ndipo zigawo zophatikizidwa sizimalembedwa.

Zotsatira zake: Pakumanga ntchito zotenthetsera ndi zimbudzi, nyumba yomangayo imadulidwa kapena ngakhale zitsulo zokhala ndi nkhawa zimadulidwa, zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo cha nyumbayo.

Miyezo: Dziwitseni mosamala zojambula zomangira ntchito yotenthetsera ndi ukhondo, ndipo gwirizanani mwachangu komanso mwachikumbumtima pomanga nyumbayo kuti musunge mabowo ndi magawo ophatikizidwa malinga ndi kuyika kwa mapaipi ndi zothandizira ndi zopachika.Mwachindunji, tchulani zofunikira zamapangidwe ndi zomangamanga.

Tabu 7

Pakuwotcherera mapaipi, zolumikizira zolumikizana za mipope pambuyo pofananiza sizili pamzere womwewo wapakati, palibe kusiyana komwe kumasiyidwa pakufananira, mipope yolimba-mipanda siyikugwedezeka, ndipo m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa weld sikukwaniritsa zofunikira za zomangamanga.

Zotsatira zake: Kusagwirizana kwa zitoliro kumakhudza mwachindunji khalidwe la kuwotcherera ndi maonekedwe abwino.Ngati palibe kusiyana pakati pa zimfundo, palibe beveling wa mipope wandiweyani-mipanda, ndipo m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa weld sizikukwaniritsa zofunikira, kuwotcherera sikungakwaniritse zofunikira zamphamvu.

Miyezo: Pambuyo kuwotcherera zolumikizira za mapaipi, mapaipi sayenera kusankhidwa molakwika ndipo ayenera kukhala pamzere wapakati;mipata iyenera kusiyidwa pamalumikizidwe;mapaipi okhala ndi mipanda wandiweyani ayenera kukumbidwa.Komanso, m'lifupi ndi kutalika kwa kuwotcherera msoko ayenera welded mogwirizana ndi specifications.

Tabu 8

Mapaipi amakwiriridwa mwachindunji mu dothi lowundana ndi dothi lotayirira lopanda kuthiridwa bwino, ndipo mtalikirana ndi malo otchingira mapaipi ndi osayenera, ndipo ngakhale njerwa zowuma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zotsatira zake: Chifukwa cha chithandizo chosakhazikika, payipiyo idawonongeka panthawi yomwe dothi lobwezeretsanso lidawonongeka, zomwe zidapangitsa kukonzanso ndikukonzanso.

Miyezo: Mipope sayenera kukwiriridwa m'nthaka yachisanu kapena dothi lotayirira losakonzedwa.Kutalikirana pakati pa ma buttresses kuyenera kutsata zomwe zimafunikira pakumanga.Mapadi othandizira ayenera kukhala olimba, makamaka polumikizira mapaipi, omwe sayenera kumeta ubweya.Zomangamanga za njerwa ziyenera kumangidwa ndi dothi la simenti kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika ndi kulimba.

Tabu 9

Maboti okulitsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zothandizira mapaipi ndi azinthu zotsika, mabowo oyikamo mabawuti okulirapo ndi akulu kwambiri, kapena mabawuti okulitsa amayikidwa pamakoma a njerwa kapena makoma opepuka.

Zotsatira zake: Zothandizira mapaipi zimakhala zotayirira ndipo mapaipi amakhala opunduka kapena kugwa.

Miyezo: Zogulitsa zoyenerera ziyenera kusankhidwa kuti ziwonjezere.Ngati ndi kotheka, sampuli ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti ziwonedwe.Bowo la dzenje loyika mabawuti okulitsa sikuyenera kukhala lalikulu kuposa m'mimba mwake lakunja kwa mabawuti okulitsa ndi 2 mm.Maboti okulitsa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazomanga za konkriti.

Taboo 10

The flange ndi gasket kugwirizana chitoliro si mphamvu zokwanira, ndi mabawuti olumikiza ndi lalifupi kapena woonda awiri.Mapaipi otenthetsera amagwiritsa ntchito mphira, mapaipi amadzi ozizira amagwiritsa ntchito mapaipi okhala ndi magawo awiri kapena ma bevel, ndimapaipi a flange amatuluka mu mapaipi.

Zotsatira: Kulumikizana kwa flange sikuli kolimba, kapena kuonongeka, kumayambitsa kutayikira.Flange gasket imatuluka mu chitoliro ndikuwonjezera kukana kwamadzi.

Miyezo: Mapaipi ndi ma gaskets ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zapaipi yogwirira ntchito.

Mapaipi a asibesitosi a mphira amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zida zotenthetsera ndi mapaipi amadzi otentha;mphira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati flange linings wa madzi ndi ngalande mapaipi.

The flange gasket siyenera kutuluka mu chitoliro, ndipo bwalo lake lakunja liyenera kufika pa bowo la flange.Ma bevel kapena mapepala angapo sayenera kuyikidwa pakati pa flange.The awiri a bawuti kulumikiza flange ayenera kukhala zosakwana 2 mm kuposa m'mimba mwake flange mbale dzenje.Kutalika kwa ndodo ya bawuti yotuluka mu mtedza uyenera kukhala 1/2 ya makulidwe a mtedza.